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BOWEN TPL-1845

In the depths of the Great Depression, about 1,000 men and women waged a peaceful orderly march on City Hall in late February of 1931 to focus attention on immediate unemployment relief. Members of the Unemployed Council, the Trade Unity League and the Communist Party requested: 1) unemployment insurance at $15 per week with $5 extra per dependent; 2) an immediate relief fund of $1 million generated by reducing city officials' salaries; 3) non-ejection of unemployed not able to pay house rent; 4) free use of civic auditoriums for meetings of the unemployed and 5) full payment of war bonus. Mayor M.G. Tennent met with twelve chosen marchers to express his and the city council's concern but stated that their powers were limited. He did state that a $41,000 Sheridan Avenue project was approved that morning so that more men could be employed through city construction. After listening to a program of addresses by their leaders, the large crowd dispersed after about three hours. (TDL 2/26/1931, p.4-article). Bowen 03-914.

BOLAND G38.1-028

On March 1, 1933 at around 12 noon, a convoy of trucks and automobiles carried unemployed demonstrators through Tacoma on their way to Olympia. Here they are pictured passing on Tacoma Ave. South in front of the Tacoma Public Library (now known as the TPL Carnegie Building.) The Seattle planners of the march planned to descend on the Capital and present their demands for jobless insurance and a cash dole to the State Legislature. The main section of around 150 vehicles passed through Tacoma without trouble or disturbance, but they were met outside Olympia by police and state patrol and denied access to the city. The protestors, estimated at 2,000, camped at Priest Point Park on the outskirts of Olympia. They were denied a permit for a demonstration at the Capital. A committee of 20 met with Governor Clarence D. Martin who declined their demands. They were then asked to return home, which they did peacefully. (TNT 3/1/33, pg.1; 3/2/33, pg. 1; 3/3/33, pg. 5; TDL 3/2/33, pg. 1; 3/3/33, pg. 1)


Demonstrations--1930-1940; Activists; Protest movements--1930-1940; Unemployment--Wash.--1930-1940; Unemployed--Wash.--1930-1940; Depressions--1929;

BOLAND G38.1-022

On March 1, 1933 at around noon, a convoy of unemployed demonstrators, under the banner of the "United Front," passed through Tacoma on their way to Olympia. The Seattle leaders of the group planned the march to Olympia to present the problems of the unemployed to the State Legislature. The groups of marchers, in trucks and automobiles, were met at the Tacoma city limits by motorcycle officers who escorted them through the city. Once in Olympia the group, estimated to contain 2,000 persons, was denied entrance to the city. They camped in the rain at Priest Point Park on the outskirts of Olympia. They were denied the permit for a demonstration at the Capital, but a group of 20 was allowed to meet with Governor Clarence D. Martin and present their demands for jobless insurance and a cash dole. Governor Martin gave them an audience but declined their demands. The group peacefully returned to their homes. (TNT 3/1/33, pg. 1; 3/2/33, pg.1; 3/3/33, pg. 5; TDL 3/2/33, pg. 1; 3/3/33, pg. 1)


Demonstrations--1930-1940; Activists; Protest movements--1930-1940; Unemployment--Wash.--1930-1940; Unemployed--Wash.--1930-1940; Depressions--1929;

BOWEN G38.1-003

Mess tents pitched on the old Central School playgrounds across from the Armory as cooks prepare to feed the men of the second battalion of the Washington National Guard 161st Infantry called out to control the violence associated with the 1935 Lumber workers' strike. In June of 1935, the mills in Tacoma and surrounded areas attempted to reopen with workers willing to return to work. Violence erupted between the returning workers and the strikers. Governor Clarence Martin ordered the Guard in on June 23rd, 1935 after reports that local authorities were unable to handle the situation. It was the second time the Guard was ordered out since the World War, the other two times being in 1919 and 1933. (TNT 6/24/1935, pg. 1 & 2)

BOWEN G38.1-004

Soldiers from the 161st Infantry of the Washington National Guard patrol the Tideflats during the Lumber worker's strike of 1935. In June of 1935, the mills of Tacoma and surrounding areas were attempting to reopen after petitions circulated stating that over 60 % of the work force was willing to return. Governor Clarence Martin promised protection to the mills and workers and called in the Guard to patrol the Tideflats and guard the entrances into the industrial area. They also accompanied returning workers on the main thoroughfares into the area. The troops totalled over 500 by June 25th and came from Yakima, Prosser, Pullman and Walla Walla. (TNT 6/24/1935, pg. 1 & 2)

BOWEN G38.1-006

Members of the 2nd battalion of the Washington National Guard 161st Infantry lounge on the ground, or stand in line with their mess kits, preparing to eat at the temporary mess tents set up on the old Central School playground. The Guard was called into Tacoma by Governor Clarence Martin on June 23rd, 1935 to control the violence associated with the lumber workers' strike. The soldiers were stationed at the Armory and their mess tents set up in this nearby playground. The lumber and sawmill workers' strike started on May 6th and was settled August 2nd, 1935. (TNT 6/24/1935, pg. 1 & 2)

BOWEN G38.1-009

When the attempts in June of 1935 of workers to return to the striking mills erupted in violence, Governor Clarence Martin ordered in the Washington National Guard late Sunday night, June 23, 1935. The guards were whisked from Camp Murray to Tacoma in 16 trucks. Their job was to protect the returning workers and the mills. (TNT 6/24/1935, pg. 1 & 2)

BOWEN G38.1-005

A young boy poses by the chain link fence of the old Central School playgrounds where mess tents have been erected to feed the more than 500 members of the 2nd battalion of the 161st Infantry of the Washington National Guard called out to Tacoma to restore peace during the 1935 Lumber workers' strike. The Guard was stationed at the nearby Armory. The troops had been in training at Camp A.H. Hankins at Camp Murray for the past two weeks when they were deployed to Tacoma. (TNT 6/24/1935, pg. 1 & 2)

BOWEN G38.1-012

Chief of Police Harold Bird poses with an officer of the Washington National Guard, deployed to Tacoma by Governor Clarence Martin to restore the peace during the 1935 lumber workers' strike. In June of 1935, as some workers prepared to return to the reopened mills, their efforts were met with violence. Returning workers were threatened, beaten, their homes and vehicles bombed and vandalized. Local authorities were unable to stop the violence. The Guard was called in to protect the workers and the mills. The strikers and sympathizers were joined in their protests by those who resented the armed troops in their midst. (TNT 6/24/1935, pg. 1 & 2)

BOWEN G38.1-008

Mill workers, accompanied by Washington National Guardsmen, stand at the side of the road preparing to cross the Eleventh Street Bridge into the Tideflats to report to work. A second group of men appears to be standing just ahead, possibly strikers gathering to heckle the workers. In June of 1935, workers attempting to return to work at the reopening mills were subjected to extreme violence and threats. Governor Clarence Martin ordered the second battalion of the Washington National Guard 161st Infantry to Tacoma on June 23, 1935 to protect the returning workers and the mills. The guardsmen were armed with smoke, tear and nausea gas bombs, rifles, bayonets and ammunition. (TNT 6/24/1935, pg. 1 & 2)

BOWEN G38.1-011

Members of the Washington National Guard are loaded up in trucks and preparing to return to downtown Tacoma from the industrial Tideflats across the Eleventh Street Bridge. The second battalion of the Guards' 161st Infantry was mobilized to Tacoma by Governor Clarence Martin when workers attempting to return to work during the Lumber workers' strike met with violence. Their job was to protect the workers and the mills. They were stationed at the Armory and patrolled the Tideflats and all bridges and roads into the area. The Eleventh Street bridge has roadblocks on all but one lane, so that vehicles could be searched. (TNT 6/24/1935, pg. 1 & 2)

Labor--Washington--Strikes - 2

Back of Photo:
Tacoma Smelter Picketed
Members of Tacoma Local 25 of the United Steelworkers Union marched Monday morning in front of the main gate of the American Smelting and Refining Co. here. Nearly 1,000 workers struck at midnight and shut down the copper-smelting plant as part of a nationwide strike.
Photograph by Jerry Buck

Labor--Washington--Strikes - 4

Back of Photo:
Workers picketed Utilities Department headquarters
Photo by Warren Anderson


Striking Water Division employees picketed the Utilities building and other facilities, blaming the bargaining impasse on the Utilities Director Aldo J Benedetti. Photo by staff member Warren Anderson.

Labor--Washington--Strikes - 3

Back of Photo:
Russ Carmack/Photographer


Sally Zimmerman and Mary Ann Calkins, wives of Tacoma ironworkers Union Local 114, became stand-in pickets for their husbands and the union. The women appeared at a construction site on 19th and South State streets. Photo by staff member Russ Carmack.

Demonstrations 1975 thru 1980 - 5

Back of Photo:
Demonstrations


About 700 fishermen, mainly members of sportsmen groups, picketed the federal courthouse in protest of District Court Judge George H. Boldt's decision to grant special fishing rights to Native Americans. Photo by Bob Rudsit.


A crowd of several dozen gather on A Street in Downtown Tacoma outside the Old Post Office. Most of the signs held are blurred or other wise unreadable, but several visible signs read, "Fish Now Elk This Fall." Three small boats and one RV is parked along the street protestors are gathered on.

Labor--Washington--Strikes - 5

Back of Photo:
Photograph by Bob Rudsit


Striking gasfitters and electrical workers stall in talks with employers. The strike had been in progress for 69 days. About 340 union members from parts of King, Pierce, Snohomish, Thurston, and Lewis counties have been affected, with an additional 260 members of other unions striking in support. Photo by staff member Bob Rudsit.

Demonstrations 1975 thru 1980 - 6

Back of Photo:
Demonstrations
Carmack


Striking teamsters Mike Brennen (left) and Brent Ranton play chess while waiting for Teamsters Local 313 and Pierce County beer distributors to agree on wages. The teamsters stopped delivering beer after talks about wages broke down. Photo by staff member Russ Carmack.

Labor--Washington--Strikes - 6

Striking foundrymen gathered at the Atlas Foundry and Machine Co. to picket as their negotiators met in Portland, trying to reach an agreement with a group of foundries located in Oregon, Washington, and California. “The strikers are members of Washington State Local 158 of the Molders and Allied Workers union.” They have been on strike for six weeks.


Striking workers hold up an effigy wearing a hardhat and holding a signs reading, "SCAB" and "Reward for the capture of any SCAB or truck inside foundry." Other signs read, "United we stand, divided we fall," and "On Strike/International Molders Allied Workers Union/Local 158 AFL CIO."

Demonstrations 1975 thru 1980 - 8

Back of Photo:
Demonstrations


Around 40 Iranian students marched nine miles through Tacoma, bringing attention to the revolution occurring inside Iran. They were protesting the Iranian state and the shah. Demonstrators, wearing masks, carry banners and signs reading, "Down with the Shah- the puppet of US Imperialism," "Stop and Shah's Bloodbath," and "Independence and democracy for Iran." Staff photo by Bob Rudsit.

Demonstrations 1975 thru 1980 - 9

Back of Photo:
Demonstrations


Two demonstrators march outside of the Metropolitan Development Council office. One holds a sign reading, "What is MDC doing for Puerto Rican Community?" Another sign says, "MDC does not serve us (Puerto Ricans) at all!"

Demonstrations 1975 thru 1980 - 10

Back of Photo:
Demonstrations


About 30 farmers halted the Port of Tacoma’s import meat operations while protesting the importation of low-cost meat. The farmers were mainly from Eastern Washington and said they were a part of the American Agriculture organization. Photo by staff member Bob Rudsit


Striking workers, wearing raincoats, hoods, and scarves, stand on a wet street. They hold signs reading, "American Agricultural Strike/100% Parity at the market place/We need your support you need agriculture."

Demonstrations 1975 thru 1980 - 14

Back of Photo:
Demonstrations


Riot police stop a pro-Mao demonstration on University District’s main. The demonstrators shouted, “Long live Mao Tse-tung; death, death, death to Teng.” They were protesting the US government’s current friendly relationship with the Chinese government. Photo by staff member Bruce Larson.

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