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Members of Puyallup Tribe playing game on shores of Puget Sound

In this photograph believed to be from the mid 1880s, a group of Puyallup Indians gathers on the shore of the Puget Sound to gamble. The game they are playing appears to be the bone game, where two teams of 10-12 sit opposite each other. One team has four bones which they pass to the distracting accompaniment of the pounding of sticks and singing of chants. The other team must guess who has the bones. In the background are longboats and a bridge. The Puyallup village during this time period was believed to be at the foot of South 15th St. KING-003, TPL 2897.

Puyallup with longboats on shore of Puget Sound

A group of Puyallup Indians with their longboats (canoes) on the Puget Sound around 1886. Behind them can be seen the Northern Pacific Railroad bridge. The Puyallups were primarily fishermen, hunters and gatherers. The local salmon provided their primary food source, but was also a symbol of reverence to the tribe. In the Medicine Creek Treaty of 1854, they ceded many of their territories but retained their fishing rights. Their village at this time was believed to be at the foot of North 15th. KING-014, TPL 2895.

Family in longboat docked near shore

In this circa 1886 photograph, a Native American family lounges in their long boat near the shore. In the background can be seen the Northern Pacific Railroad bridge. The canoe is loaded with supplies, probably returning or setting off for the family's hunting ground. The Puyallup tribe members were primarily hunters, gatherers and fishermen. During this time period, their village was believed to be located at the foot of North 15th. KING-015, TPL 2894.

Rutter TPL-3748

ca. 1886. Several long boats (Indian canoes) rest on the beach at about Fifth and Pacific in Tacoma in this photograph from the mid 1880s. Long boats could transport a whole family with supplies for a season of fishing. This group of boats is probably preparing to head upstream on the Puyallup River where members of the Puyallup tribe worked in the hop fields of the Puyallup Valley. The Puyallups are part of the Puget Sound Salish original peoples. They were hunters, gatherers and fishermen, although they inhabited permanent houses along the riverbanks and along the Sound. Salmon was their main food and figured strongly in their culture. Under the Treaty of Medicine Creek, the tribe ceded much of their territories but retained fishing rights. Rutter Collection TPL-564


Longboats--Tacoma--1890-1900; Indians of North America--Tacoma--1890-1900;

Indians, Puyallup (History) - 1

Back of Photo:
Yesteryear Feb. 7, 1986
Puyallup Indian Tribe members gathered on Feb. 9, 1891, as part of their monthly neighborhood meetings. This was the time when Indian families gathered to discuss the business of running the reservation and making improvements in the quality of life. The women were not generally included in business affairs of the tribe, which would explain their absence in the photograph.
State of Washington Views
Rutter, Photo
Tacoma, Wash.

Curtis AC-024

ca. 1898. Homeward - "On Puget Sound". Photograph by Edward S. Curtis. Scanned from Asahel Curtis lantern slide. Original photograph published in "The North American Indian, v.9" Plate # 318. Canoes of various sizes and designs were used by all the Salishan tribes of the Coast, ranging from a tiny two person river craft to a seaworthy vessel which could hold up to thirty persons. This is a medium sized craft, intended to hold up to five or six people and to be used on large streams or protected arms of the sea. It was capable of rapid travel or for fishing with nets, spears or hooks. The canoe was constructed from a half log, with the center burned out and the interior and exterior worked down and rubbed smooth. The outside is charred black and the inside is painted. TPL-9233


Indians of North America--Canoes;

Curtis AC-034

Image title: Travaux - Piegan. The North American Indian, suppl. 6, plate 193.


Indians of North America--Piegan--1900-1920; Ceremonies--Indians of North America; Indians of North America--Travel;

Curtis AC-029

Image title: Joseph - Nez Percé. The North American Indian, vol. 8, p. 24.


Indians of North America--Nez Percé--1910-1920; Men--Indians of North America; Indians of North America--Portraits;

Curtis AC-037

Image title: An Assiniboin camp. The North American Indian, suppl. 3, plate 107.


Indians of North America--Assiniboin--1900-1920; Structures--Indians of North America; Indians of North America--Dwellings;

Curtis AC-033

Image title: Klickitat basketry. The North American Indian, v. 7, p. 160.


Indians of North America--Klickitat--1910-1920; Basketry--Indians of North America;

Curtis AC-027

Image title: Spearing salmon - Wishham. The North American Indian, sippl. 8. plate 276.


Indians of North America--Wishham--1910-1920; Men--Indians of North America; Indians of North America--Fishing;

Curtis AC-009

Image title: Youth in holiday costume - Umatilla. The North American Indian, v. 8, p.80.


Indians of North America--Umaitlla--1910-1920; Men--Indians of North America; Indians of North America--Portraits; Indians of North America--Clothing and dress;

Curtis AC-013

Image title: Red Owl - Flathead


Indians of North America--Salishan--1910-1920; Men--Indians of North America; Indians of North America--Portraits;

Curtis AC-032

Image title: Evening on Flathead Lake. The North American Indian, v. 7, p. 152.


Indians of North America--Kutenai--1910-1920; Canoes--Indians of North America;

Curtis AC-010

Image title: With her proudly decked horse - Cayuse. The North American Indian, v. 8, p. 60.


Indians of North America--Nez Percé--1910-1920; Women--Indians of North America; Indians of North America--Portraits;

Curtis AC-011

Image title: Flathead mother. The North American Indian, v. 7, p. 70.


Indians of North America--Salishan--1910-1920; Women--Indians of North America; Indians of North America--Portraits;

Curtis AC-031

Image title: A young Yakima. The North American Indian, v. 7, p. 12.


Indians of North America--Yakima--1910-1920; Men--Indians of North America; Indians of North America--Portraits;

Curtis AC-008

ca. 1910. Chinook Female Profile - "Skokomish Female - type" Photo by Edward S. Curtis. Scanned from Asahel Curtis lantern slide. Original photograph appears in The North American Indian, v.8 between pp. 86-87. The permanent villages of the Chinook tribes, constructed of imposing cedar board houses, once extended from the banks of the Columbia River and the rushing waters of the Dalles all the way to the sea. They occupied a land of abundant food and lived mostly on salmon. The trading post at Astoria was established in 1811 and Fort Vancouver in 1825. The fur traders brought the twin scourges of disease and alcohol. Whole villages of Chinook were decimated.


Indians of North America--Chinook--1910-1920; Women--Indians of North America; Indians of North America--Portraits;

Curtis AC-028

Image title: A typical Nez Percé. The North American Indian, v. 8, p. 4.


Indians of North America--Nez Percé--1910-1920; Men--Indians of North America; Indians of North America--Portraits;

Curtis AC-030

Image title: Mat lodge - Yakima. The North American Indian, v. 7, p. 4.


Indians of North America--Yakima--1910-1920; Dwellings--Indians of North America;

Curtis AC-012

Image title: Flathead female type. The North American Indian, V. 7, p. 62.


Indians of North America--Salishan--1910-1920; Women--Indians of North America; Indians of North America--Portraits;

Curtis AC-001

ca. 1912. Portrait of Bahlkabuh, Skokomish "Puget Sound Type" Photograph by Edward Curtis. Scanned from Asahel Curtis lantern slide. Original photo appears in The North American Indian, v.9 Plate between pp. 26-27 (slide has crack through coverglass). The Skokomish were one band of a tribe that called itself the Twana. They controlled the entire Hood Canal area and that of its tributaries. The Skokomish were located at Annas Bay and the watershed of the Skokomish River. The other principal bands were the Tulalip, Soatlkobsh, Quilcene, and Slchoksbish. At the early part of the 19th century, they numbered 900. By the Treaty of Point No Point, 1855, that confined them to the Skokomish Reservation at the head of Hoods Canal, they totalled 300.


Indians of North America--Skokomish--1910-1920; Women--Indians of North America; Indians of North America--Portraits;

Curtis AC-022

ca. 1912. A Primitive Quinault woman. Photograph by Edward S. Curtis. Scanned from Asahel Curtis lantern slide. Original print appears in The North American Indian, v.9 Plate # 293. The territory of the Quinaults extends along the coast from the Hoqium River to the Queets river. The tribe was less migratory than most of the north Pacific coast. They travelled to hunt and gather no further than a day or two from their home, although they did participate in limited whaling. They lived primarily off the abundant fish in their local rivers.


Indians of North America--Quinault--1910-1920; Women--Indians of North America;

Curtis AC-007

Image title: Coathair blanket - Cowichan. The North American Indian, v. 9, p. 72.


Indians of North America--Salishan--1910-1920; Weaving--Indians of North America;

Curtis AC-023

ca. 1912. Puget Sound Baskets Photograph by Edward S. Curtis. Scanned from Asahel Curtis lantern slide. Original print appears in The North American Indian, v.9 Plate # 309. Basketry was a prominent industry of the native women. A water-tight basket was made for hauling water, cooking with hot stones and berry picking. This type of basket was tightly coiled. A more flexible, softer woven basket was used for storing and carrying personal effects. A much larger basket of a rougher weave was used as a burden basket. It was carried on the back and used primarily for transporting clams and fish.


Indians of North America--Baskets;

Curtis AC-025

ca. 1912. Puget Sound Camp - Skokomish. Photograph by Edward S. Curtis. Scanned from Asahel Curtis lantern slide. Original photograph published in "The North American Indian, v.9" Plate between pp. 48-49. TPL-8759


Indians of North America--Skokomish--1910-1920; Indians of North America--Shelters; Canoes;

Curtis AC-026

ca. 1912. A mat shelter - Skokomish. Photograph by Edward S. Curtis. Scanned from Asahel Curtis lantern slide. Original photograph published in "The North American Indian, v.9" Plate appears between pp. 110 -111. The aboriginal name for the people occupying the region of Hood Canal on the Olympic Peninsula was the Twana. The largest community in this tribe was the Skokomish, the "Big River People." The Skokomish Reservation was created by the Point-No-Point treaty in 1855 and it encompasses almost 5,000 acres on the delta of the Skokomish River. During the winter months, the people resided in cedar plank houses. But during the other seasons, they resided in temporary, movable structures such as the one pictured, which they covered with woven mats. These structures could be moved from place to place during hunting and fishing seasons. The mats, hung on the framework of the structure, would keep out the wind and the rain. The mats were most commonly woven of cattail leaves or the inner bark of the cedar. Two women are picture outside of a structure, along with their canoe and woven baskets.


Indians of North America--Skokomish--1910-1920; Women--Indians of North America; Huts; Indians of North America--Shelters; Canoes; Baskets;

Immigration and Emigration - 1

Back of Photo:
Theatrical Group, Order of Vasa, ca. 1912, Tacoma
Photograph courtesy of the Vasa Lodge Norden, Tacoma

From In the Footsteps of Nicholas Delin: the Swedish Presence in Pierce County, a photography exhibition tracing the world of Swedish and Swedish-Finnish immigrants in Pierce County from 1887 - 1930, opening Thursday, December 14, 1995 at the Tacoma Public Library's Handforth Gallery (Main Library, 1102 Tacoma Avenue South in downtown Tacoma).

Curtis AC-018

Image title: The wedding party - Qagyuhl. The North American Indian, suppl. 10, plate 344.


Indians of North America--Kwakiutl--1910-1920; Brides--Indians of North America; Indians of North America--Weddings;

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