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BOLAND G38.1-028

On March 1, 1933 at around 12 noon, a convoy of trucks and automobiles carried unemployed demonstrators through Tacoma on their way to Olympia. Here they are pictured passing on Tacoma Ave. South in front of the Tacoma Public Library (now known as the TPL Carnegie Building.) The Seattle planners of the march planned to descend on the Capital and present their demands for jobless insurance and a cash dole to the State Legislature. The main section of around 150 vehicles passed through Tacoma without trouble or disturbance, but they were met outside Olympia by police and state patrol and denied access to the city. The protestors, estimated at 2,000, camped at Priest Point Park on the outskirts of Olympia. They were denied a permit for a demonstration at the Capital. A committee of 20 met with Governor Clarence D. Martin who declined their demands. They were then asked to return home, which they did peacefully. (TNT 3/1/33, pg.1; 3/2/33, pg. 1; 3/3/33, pg. 5; TDL 3/2/33, pg. 1; 3/3/33, pg. 1)


Demonstrations--1930-1940; Activists; Protest movements--1930-1940; Unemployment--Wash.--1930-1940; Unemployed--Wash.--1930-1940; Depressions--1929;

BOLAND G38.1-022

On March 1, 1933 at around noon, a convoy of unemployed demonstrators, under the banner of the "United Front," passed through Tacoma on their way to Olympia. The Seattle leaders of the group planned the march to Olympia to present the problems of the unemployed to the State Legislature. The groups of marchers, in trucks and automobiles, were met at the Tacoma city limits by motorcycle officers who escorted them through the city. Once in Olympia the group, estimated to contain 2,000 persons, was denied entrance to the city. They camped in the rain at Priest Point Park on the outskirts of Olympia. They were denied the permit for a demonstration at the Capital, but a group of 20 was allowed to meet with Governor Clarence D. Martin and present their demands for jobless insurance and a cash dole. Governor Martin gave them an audience but declined their demands. The group peacefully returned to their homes. (TNT 3/1/33, pg. 1; 3/2/33, pg.1; 3/3/33, pg. 5; TDL 3/2/33, pg. 1; 3/3/33, pg. 1)


Demonstrations--1930-1940; Activists; Protest movements--1930-1940; Unemployment--Wash.--1930-1940; Unemployed--Wash.--1930-1940; Depressions--1929;

BOWEN G38.1-003

Mess tents pitched on the old Central School playgrounds across from the Armory as cooks prepare to feed the men of the second battalion of the Washington National Guard 161st Infantry called out to control the violence associated with the 1935 Lumber workers' strike. In June of 1935, the mills in Tacoma and surrounded areas attempted to reopen with workers willing to return to work. Violence erupted between the returning workers and the strikers. Governor Clarence Martin ordered the Guard in on June 23rd, 1935 after reports that local authorities were unable to handle the situation. It was the second time the Guard was ordered out since the World War, the other two times being in 1919 and 1933. (TNT 6/24/1935, pg. 1 & 2)

BOWEN G38.1-004

Soldiers from the 161st Infantry of the Washington National Guard patrol the Tideflats during the Lumber worker's strike of 1935. In June of 1935, the mills of Tacoma and surrounding areas were attempting to reopen after petitions circulated stating that over 60 % of the work force was willing to return. Governor Clarence Martin promised protection to the mills and workers and called in the Guard to patrol the Tideflats and guard the entrances into the industrial area. They also accompanied returning workers on the main thoroughfares into the area. The troops totalled over 500 by June 25th and came from Yakima, Prosser, Pullman and Walla Walla. (TNT 6/24/1935, pg. 1 & 2)

BOWEN G38.1-006

Members of the 2nd battalion of the Washington National Guard 161st Infantry lounge on the ground, or stand in line with their mess kits, preparing to eat at the temporary mess tents set up on the old Central School playground. The Guard was called into Tacoma by Governor Clarence Martin on June 23rd, 1935 to control the violence associated with the lumber workers' strike. The soldiers were stationed at the Armory and their mess tents set up in this nearby playground. The lumber and sawmill workers' strike started on May 6th and was settled August 2nd, 1935. (TNT 6/24/1935, pg. 1 & 2)

BOWEN G38.1-009

When the attempts in June of 1935 of workers to return to the striking mills erupted in violence, Governor Clarence Martin ordered in the Washington National Guard late Sunday night, June 23, 1935. The guards were whisked from Camp Murray to Tacoma in 16 trucks. Their job was to protect the returning workers and the mills. (TNT 6/24/1935, pg. 1 & 2)

BOWEN G38.1-005

A young boy poses by the chain link fence of the old Central School playgrounds where mess tents have been erected to feed the more than 500 members of the 2nd battalion of the 161st Infantry of the Washington National Guard called out to Tacoma to restore peace during the 1935 Lumber workers' strike. The Guard was stationed at the nearby Armory. The troops had been in training at Camp A.H. Hankins at Camp Murray for the past two weeks when they were deployed to Tacoma. (TNT 6/24/1935, pg. 1 & 2)

BOWEN G38.1-012

Chief of Police Harold Bird poses with an officer of the Washington National Guard, deployed to Tacoma by Governor Clarence Martin to restore the peace during the 1935 lumber workers' strike. In June of 1935, as some workers prepared to return to the reopened mills, their efforts were met with violence. Returning workers were threatened, beaten, their homes and vehicles bombed and vandalized. Local authorities were unable to stop the violence. The Guard was called in to protect the workers and the mills. The strikers and sympathizers were joined in their protests by those who resented the armed troops in their midst. (TNT 6/24/1935, pg. 1 & 2)

BOWEN G38.1-008

Mill workers, accompanied by Washington National Guardsmen, stand at the side of the road preparing to cross the Eleventh Street Bridge into the Tideflats to report to work. A second group of men appears to be standing just ahead, possibly strikers gathering to heckle the workers. In June of 1935, workers attempting to return to work at the reopening mills were subjected to extreme violence and threats. Governor Clarence Martin ordered the second battalion of the Washington National Guard 161st Infantry to Tacoma on June 23, 1935 to protect the returning workers and the mills. The guardsmen were armed with smoke, tear and nausea gas bombs, rifles, bayonets and ammunition. (TNT 6/24/1935, pg. 1 & 2)

BOWEN G38.1-011

Members of the Washington National Guard are loaded up in trucks and preparing to return to downtown Tacoma from the industrial Tideflats across the Eleventh Street Bridge. The second battalion of the Guards' 161st Infantry was mobilized to Tacoma by Governor Clarence Martin when workers attempting to return to work during the Lumber workers' strike met with violence. Their job was to protect the workers and the mills. They were stationed at the Armory and patrolled the Tideflats and all bridges and roads into the area. The Eleventh Street bridge has roadblocks on all but one lane, so that vehicles could be searched. (TNT 6/24/1935, pg. 1 & 2)

BOWEN TPL-1845

In the depths of the Great Depression, about 1,000 men and women waged a peaceful orderly march on City Hall in late February of 1931 to focus attention on immediate unemployment relief. Members of the Unemployed Council, the Trade Unity League and the Communist Party requested: 1) unemployment insurance at $15 per week with $5 extra per dependent; 2) an immediate relief fund of $1 million generated by reducing city officials' salaries; 3) non-ejection of unemployed not able to pay house rent; 4) free use of civic auditoriums for meetings of the unemployed and 5) full payment of war bonus. Mayor M.G. Tennent met with twelve chosen marchers to express his and the city council's concern but stated that their powers were limited. He did state that a $41,000 Sheridan Avenue project was approved that morning so that more men could be employed through city construction. After listening to a program of addresses by their leaders, the large crowd dispersed after about three hours. (TDL 2/26/1931, p.4-article). Bowen 03-914.

Hawthorne Neighborhood (Hawthorne District) - 1

“Hawthorne residents protested giving up their homes for the dome.” During a public hearing, the public was divided on where to build the dome. The city council heard people arguing about placing the dome downtown or in the Hawthorne Neighborhood. Photo by staff member Bob Rudsit.


Back of Photo:
Erick Johnson


Three people hold signs reading, "Save Historic Hawthorne" and "We won't move our homes of fifty years or more. They are paid for."

Labor--Washington--Strikes - 11

Family members of the striking Tacoma Boatbuilding Co. workers joined the picket lines with signs and singing in support. Two thousand two hundred workers are striking the plant. “Lillian Stevens, Claudia Selby, and Brian Ferguson, 9, from left, sang family support for strikers.” Photo by staff member Bruce Kellman.


A group of demonstrators hold a banner reading, "STRIKE." A sign in the background reads, "Tough times never last but tough people do."

Labor--Washington--Strikes - 12

Back of Photo:
International Woodworkers of America local 3-38 formed an informational picket line at the Simpson owned Commencement Bay Mill Company at 11th and Portland Avenue in Tacoma on Tuesday morning. They claim that so many workers honored the picket that the mill did not operate Tuesday. Local 3-38 workers are on strike against Simpson in Shelton.
Three of the people in photo are IWA 3-38 members from Shelton; the person who is second from the left is a union carpenter who stopped by to give moral support. His name is Roger Dudley...
From left: Patsy Glaser, Roger Dudley, Bill Gibson, and Doug Norton.
Bruce Kellman

Labor--Washington--Strikes - 6

Striking foundrymen gathered at the Atlas Foundry and Machine Co. to picket as their negotiators met in Portland, trying to reach an agreement with a group of foundries located in Oregon, Washington, and California. “The strikers are members of Washington State Local 158 of the Molders and Allied Workers union.” They have been on strike for six weeks.


Striking workers hold up an effigy wearing a hardhat and holding a signs reading, "SCAB" and "Reward for the capture of any SCAB or truck inside foundry." Other signs read, "United we stand, divided we fall," and "On Strike/International Molders Allied Workers Union/Local 158 AFL CIO."

Labor--Washington--Strikes - 5

Back of Photo:
Photograph by Bob Rudsit


Striking gasfitters and electrical workers stall in talks with employers. The strike had been in progress for 69 days. About 340 union members from parts of King, Pierce, Snohomish, Thurston, and Lewis counties have been affected, with an additional 260 members of other unions striking in support. Photo by staff member Bob Rudsit.

Labor--Washington--Strikes - 4

Back of Photo:
Workers picketed Utilities Department headquarters
Photo by Warren Anderson


Striking Water Division employees picketed the Utilities building and other facilities, blaming the bargaining impasse on the Utilities Director Aldo J Benedetti. Photo by staff member Warren Anderson.

Labor--Washington--Strikes - 3

Back of Photo:
Russ Carmack/Photographer


Sally Zimmerman and Mary Ann Calkins, wives of Tacoma ironworkers Union Local 114, became stand-in pickets for their husbands and the union. The women appeared at a construction site on 19th and South State streets. Photo by staff member Russ Carmack.

Labor--Washington--Strikes - 2

Back of Photo:
Tacoma Smelter Picketed
Members of Tacoma Local 25 of the United Steelworkers Union marched Monday morning in front of the main gate of the American Smelting and Refining Co. here. Nearly 1,000 workers struck at midnight and shut down the copper-smelting plant as part of a nationwide strike.
Photograph by Jerry Buck

Korean-Americans - 1

Back of Photo:
Left to right -- Sin Ja Jo, Yang Sun Yon, Tok Sun Young
Kellman photo


Sin Ja Jo, Yang Sun Yon, and Tok Sun Young hold signs reading, "Unfair labor practice- strike." They participate in a walk-out turned lockout, protesting Path Enterprises on 7717 Portland Ave. The workers had voted in August to form a union, but contract negotiators for the union and the company had not yet reached an agreement.

Indians, Puyallup (General) - 38

Back of Photo:
News/ Puyallup Women Protest Spouse Fishing Ruling
Angry Puyallup Tribe women gathered at the Tribal administration building to protest a new rule disallowing spouses fishing rights. From left, Laura Rivera, Ramona Bennet, Deanna Val Peterson, and Betsy Terrones (holding kids Joaquin 1, and Richard, 2 months). After meeting with the group of women the rule was dropped and the spouse fishing right was restored.
Photo by Dean J. Koepfler

Homosexuals - 4

Back of Photo:
News
The Rev. Don Magill from the Metropolitan Community Church at 1106 S. Yakima Ave. leads protestors outside Hosanna Christian Fellowship Church as Lon Mabonm here to speak against Tacoma's new gay rights ordinance.
(Photo by Russ Carmack)

Homosexuals - 3

Back of Photo:
News
A happy trio make their way up Broadway and towards Volunteer Park during todays Gay Pride parade in Downtown Seattle.
Geff Hinds Photo


Three people participating in a demonstration walk with their arms around each other. One holds a sign reading, "United Against Nazis! Radical Women."

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