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Why Internment? The Story of Japanese-Americans During World War II

Oral history interview with Joseph Kosai by Arlene Mihara conducted 04/19/1991. The interview recounts Joseph Kosai's personal experiences as a Japanese American citizen forced to evacuate his Tacoma, Washington residence on May 18, 1942 in response to the issuing of Executive Order 9066. Joseph, who was eight at the time, was transported with family members, first, to an assembly center in Pinedale, California, then to Tule Lake, where Kosai's extended family was dispersed and sent to different camps. Joseph, his mother, and younger sister were sent to the Minidoka Relocation Center in Idaho, where they would remain until May 17, 1945. In the interview, Kosai recalls his impressions of life in the internment camp. He also describes his readjustment after being released from Minidoka, as well as the impact of discrimination upon his subsequent educational and career opportunities. He also discusses his involvement in the national redress movement and other civil rights issues.

The Burley Community: Preserving the Past

Oral history interviews with Maria Moore and Barbara Laxson by Tom Wilson conducted 05/11/2015, 05/12/2015. The Burley Utopian Community was part of the growing Social Equity Movement of the latter part of the 19th and early part of the 20th centuries. The origin of the idea of seeding the United States with Socialist Communities came from an organization led by Eugene V Debs. Debs was a veteran of the labor troubles that gripped the nation beginning in the 1880's and culminated with the deaths of thirteen workers during the Pullman Strike. Debs began to believe that the only hope for the workingman was Socialism. With that in mind the national Socialist organization looked for opportunities to spread the Socialism, Washington State was selected as the site of the colony, chosen because of its history of labor activism and a smaller population that would be sympathetic to the cause. Thus was born the town/colony of Brotherhood, a name that was soon surrendered for the commonly used, Burley. Plagued with troubles from the onset, the colony lasted only 15 years. This is story of a community that has survived, not so much physically, but in spirit, a spirit that still holds this small community together today. That spirit can be seen in the words of Barbara Laxson who is a longtime resident who lives in one of the original homes built by the colony where an oral history was recorded. It can also be heard in the words of Maria Moore, an American citizen born in Mexico who lives now in Burley. Mrs. Moore, is a former member of the Burley Community Association the group that is charged with maintaining the community properties, her interview was conducted in the community park. In their words you can begin to understand why it is so important to try to keep and keep the history and the name Burley alive today.

Father Bill Bichsel and Disarm Now Plowshares

Oral history interview with Bill Bichsel by Lucas Dambergs conducted 05/09/2014. Father Bill Bischel discusses his life as a Jesuit priest, as well as joining a tradition of radical Catholic non-violent activism. A particular focus is paid to his role in the Disarm Now Plowshares action where he, and four others, broke into the Bangor Trident nuclear submarine base near Bremerton, Washington, to symbolically disarm nuclear weapons stored there.

The Slavic Fishermen of the Puget Sound

Oral history interviews with Nick and Rose Tarabochia by Penny M. Tennison conducted 05/29/1991. The joint interview with married couple, Nick and Rose Tarabochia, covers their family life and early struggles to earn a living and raise a family during the Depression. Among the topics discussed by Nick Tarabochia are: his childhood in Brookville, Washington, the life of a fisherman in the Pacific Northwest (including a consideration of purse seine fishing versus gill netting), and Native American fishing rights. Subjects covered by Rose Tarabochia include: her upbringing, her self-reliance as a fisherman's wife, and her real estate acumen.

The History of the Kitsap County Young Women's Christian Association

Oral history interviews with Lillian Allen Walker and Carolyn Hershberger by Theresa Harmon conducted 02/1993. Two longtime members of the Kitsap County YWCA share the history of their organization, tracing its evolution from a wartime social club to a community outreach task force. The Lillian Walker interview focuses on the organizations early years, as well as Walkers civil rights activities. The Carolyn Hershberger interview covers the establishment of the ALIVE (Alternatives to Living In a Violent Environment) program and its merger with the Kitsap YWCA in the late 1970s.

Robert Elofson: The Lower Elwha Klallam and the Return of Their River

Oral history interview with Robert Elofson by Jordan Woolston conducted 05/24/2014. Robert Elofson discusses his early life being raised outside the Lower Elwa KlallamTribe in foster homes, his college years earning a double bachelors degree in physics and biology at Western Washington University and his involvement in the Western Washington Native American Student Union. This led to him being the first fisheries biologist for the Lower Elwah and his involvement in the Elwha dam removal and restoration of the Elwha river ecosystem. The original sound recording of the interview is not included.

Engaging Tacoma Buddhism: Acculturation at the Tacoma Buddhism Temple

Oral history interviews with Crystal Inge, Mikyoko Kanda, and Donna Sasaki by Connor Peterson, Yina Finch, and Megan Packer conducted 04/16/2019, 04/28/2019, 04/30/2019. In April of 2019, a Pacific Lutheran University Religion 393 class set out to interview members of the Tacoma Buddhist Temple with the purpose to study the acculturation of religion and the ways that the role of religion in the Tacoma community has changed overtime. The class was broken down into three groups of 3-4 students each in order to interview Miyoko Kanda, Donna Sasaki and Crystal Inge, who are all members of the Tacoma Buddhist Temple. Each person was interviewed in order to glean more information about the time period they were most active in and specific questions regarding temple culture. This project was initiated with the intent to preserve the different perspectives of the members mentioned above through oral history as an ongoing project to collect and archive oral histories of relevant members of Tacoma from its foundation to present day.

Pandemic in Her Baby Sling: The Iranian American Women's Story of Migration Traumas and Labor Hardship During 2020's COVID-19 Pandemic

Oral history interviews with Aida Mohajer and Ebrahimi by Shadyar Omrani conducted 05/01/2020. Since COVID-19 started to become a global pandemic, it has caused personal and public traumas. Increase in unemployment rate, bankruptcy of small businesses, financial stress to the middle and working-class and the closure of many businesses which relied on peopleΓÇÖs social activities, including the gig industry, tourism industry and restaurants, are additional traumas to the issues of health and life threats people face by the contingency of the virus. By the end of May 2020, more than 2 million Americans were confirmed COVID-19 positive, 113 thousand of whom could not survive. Amongst the most affected populations, the people of color, especially Black Americans and immigrants have been suffering most. This research focuses on immigrant working women from the Middle East, whose life journeys are filled in with several traumas, some intensified during the pandemic. This paper provides two oral history records of two Iranian American working mothers, Aida Mohajer and Mrs. Ebrahimi, who carry historical traumas experienced in two different countries with two different cultures, i.e. Iran, and the USA. The intervieweesΓÇÖ stories show how the experience of trauma is related to the social class and what imposed social factors beyond choice can determine the class and different approaches to traumas.

The Drug War and Civil Rights

Oral history interview with Richard Scharick by Kevin Wallace conducted April-May 2007. Richard Scharick recounts some of the major legislative events that took place during his time as Assistant Sergeant-at-Arms for the Washington State House of Representatives. Areas of focus include the 1989 Omnibus Drug Bill and Scharicks own political philosophy.

A Tradition of Excellence: The Sonntags and Public Service

Oral history interviews with Jean Sonntag, Richard E. Sonntag, Brian Sonntag, Jack W. Sonntag Jr, and George Sheridan by Alison H. Sonntag conducted 02/1994. This collection of interviews explores the personal and political history of the Sonntag family. Jean Sonntag and George Sheridan provide background details about former Pierce County Auditor Jack Sonntag, Sr., while Sonntag's sons (Jack, Richard, and Brian) discuss how their father's legacy has shaped their lives and their own political careers. Area of focus include Jack Sonntag, Sr.'s political philosophy, the evolution of Tacoma's political power structure, and notable accomplishments from each of the Sonntag's public service careers.

Alicia Pike, Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium, and Point Defiance AAZK: Wildlife Conservation in Tacoma

Oral history interview with Alicia Pike by Kyle Chapman conducted 05/08/2015. This project focuses on the significance of zoos and local volunteer groups on the promotion and successful implementation of conservation efforts. More specifically, this project focuses on the efforts of Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium as well as the Point Defiance chapter of the American Association of Zoo Keepers. This project includes an interview with fulltime keeper and Point Defiance AAZK president, Alicia Pike, who assisted in providing significant insight into the last fifteen years of conservation efforts in Tacoma. Ms. Pike has been working in the zoological field and an active member of AAZK for over a decade. She has worked at several zoological facilities in both Washington and Oregon. Furthermore, she has been directly involved in the implementation and success of several conservation efforts, including the red wolf breeding program at Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium. In the context of the zoo, she assists in the care, breeding, and maintenance of the Sumatran tigers, lowland anoa, small-clawed otters, and clouded leopards as well as the care for other endangered species at the zoo. She has lead and continues to lead many of the keeper talks at Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium, providing information and facilitating Q&A sessions with the community so as to inspire local participation and promotion of wildlife conservation. As both an active member and president of Point Defiance AAZK, Ms. Pike has helped organize and lead several local conservation efforts that work directly with members of the local Tacoma community. Over the course of our interview, Ms. Pike not only discussed the significance of Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium and AAZK as facilitators of conservation, but also discussed at great length the relation between these organizations and Tacoma, describing Tacoma's general receptiveness to the work of conservation efforts and citizen scientists.

An Interview with Luke Joinette

Oral history interview with Luke Joinette by Cyndi Pierce conducted 05/04/1991. Luke Joinette, former Executive Board member and secretary-treasurer for the Tacoma chapter of the Hotel and Restaurant Employees and Bartenders International League, discusses his work with the Local 61 labor union. Recounting the events surrounding the unions 1969 strike, Joinette reflects on the confrontations between picketers and employers and between the local chapter and its national affiliate. He concludes with some thoughts on the current state of the Local 8, the newest incarnation of the Local 61, and on the unions sharp decline in membership since the 1970s.

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