ca. 1956. Alaska Pine, sawmill plant at New Westminster, B.C. Alaska Pine had large modern sawmills at the Marpole (Vancouver) and New Westminster Sawmill Divisions. The combined daily capacity of both mills was a million board feet of lumber. This is the paved yard for intermediate lumber storage at Westminster. Some 10,000,000 board feet of material were held here. 49 % of Alaska Pine production consists of Western hemlock, 31% red cedar, 14% Douglas fir and the remainder Sitka spruce, white pine and yellow cypress. The mills produced a variety of products for wholesale markets sold in the U.S. and Canada. (Rayonier's annual report for 1956)
ca. 1956. Timber industry scenes from Grays Harbor and the Olympic Peninsula, ordered by Malcolm McGhie. Two hard hatted workers from Rayonier Inc. stand in an old growth forest; seeming tiny next to the huge old trees. The enormous stands of forest in the Pacific Northwest and British Columbia seemed unlimited. Although the demand for timber was down, it was at an all time high for chemical cellulose products manufactured from wood. Rayonier had its second best money earning year in company history in 1956, it finished slightly behind 1955. (Rayonier's annual report for 1956)
Lumber industry--Grays Harbor--1950-1960; Trees; Logs; Rayonier, Inc. (Grays Harbor);
ca. 1956. Timber industry scenes from Grays Harbor and the Olympic Peninsula, ordered by Malcolm McGhie. Two hard hatted workers from Rayonier Inc. stand in an old growth forest. This photograph really shows the size of these enormous trees, the loggers appear tiny next to them. This stand of hemlock is approximately 80 years old. The trees are 110 - 125 feet high and average 24 inches in diameter. This track was recently thinned to promote growth of the best trees. Rayonier and its Canadian subsidiary Alaska Pine produced chemical cellulose, pulp, paper and lumber. They were also experimenting in developing new products called "silvichemicals" from the by products of cellulose manufacture. (Rayonier's annual report for 1956)
Lumber industry--Grays Harbor--1950-1960; Trees; Logs; Rayonier, Inc. (Grays Harbor);
ca. 1956. Alaska Pine, Rayflo plant at Marpole. Alaska Pine also established a research center near its Vancouver, B.C. Marpole Sawmill division lumber operations. A laboratory chemist conducts a product control test on Rayflo-treated oil well drilling mud and records the results. The lab did quality control testing on cellulose products and research on new products. They also concentrated on wood products as distinct from cellulose. The purpose was to discover undeveloped product possibilities from mill residuals. (Rayonier's annual report for 1956)
Lumber industry--British Columbia--1950-1960; Trees; Logs; Chemical industry--British Columbia--1950-1960; Alaska Pine & Cellulose Limited (Vancouver B.C.);
ca. 1956. Alaska Pine, Rayflo plant at Marpole. Alaska Pine also established a research center near its Vancouver, B.C. Marpole Sawmill division lumber operations. The cellulose solutions laboratory had a wide variety of equipment for preparing and testing cellulose derivatives. Its aim was to explore the characteristics and flow properties of various cellulose solutions. (Rayonier's annual report for 1956)
Lumber industry--British Columbia--1950-1960; Trees; Logs; Chemical industry--British Columbia--1950-1960; Alaska Pine & Cellulose Limited (Vancouver B.C.);
ca. 1956. Alaska Pine, Marpole Division sawmill plant, Vancouver B.C. Semi-finished hemlock lumber waits on kiln-cars to roll into the dry kilns. Alaska Pine was a pioneer in kiln drying of hemlock and developing it as a commercial product. The company kiln-dries about 60% of its lumber output, including practically all of the hemlock products. Properly dried hemlock makes excellent construction lumber. This stimulated broader use of a timber still abundant in the fifties. The company was also promoting the use of cedar, particularly as siding. (Rayonier's annual report for 1956)
ca. 1956. Alaska Pine, Marpole Division sawmill plant, Vancouver B.C. Logs are brought into the mill where they are barked and cut into 2 inch planks. A series of steps follows where they are edged, trimmed, sorted, kiln-dried and planed. (Rayonier's annual report for 1956)
ca. 1956. Alaska Pine, Marpole Division sawmill plant, Vancouver B.C. Big logs are brought to the mill in large rafts towed from the company's logging operations hundreds of miles away. They are cut into 20 foot lengths in the water and pushed onto the loghaul, which carries them into the mill. (Rayonier's annual report for 1956)
ca. 1956. Alaska Pine, Marpole Division sawmill plant, Vancouver B.C. A fork lift is being used to lift a large load of lumber. The Canadian mills produced a broad range of commercial lumber products in Douglas fir, balsam fir, western hemlock, Sitka spruce and red cedar. They sold to markets in the United States, Canada and other countries under the brand "A Crown P. " (Rayonier's annual report for 1956)
ca. 1956. Alaska Pine, Rayflo plant at Marpole. Alaska Pine & Cellulose Limited, a Canadian subsidiary of Rayonier Inc., was constructing a new plant at Vancouver B.C. for the production of Rayflo, a chemical used in oil well drilling, and its distribution to foreign markets. Rayflo was a new chemical developed from experimentation with the byproducts of cellulose production. It was produced from hemlock residuals obtained from the Marpole sawmill. It was used to control the chemical and physical properties of oil well drilling mud. Rayflo was the result of product development by Rayonier Inc. (Rayonier's annual report for 1956)
Lumber industry--British Columbia--1950-1960; Trees; Logs; Chemical industry--British Columbia--1950-1960; Alaska Pine & Cellulose Limited (Vancouver B.C.);
ca. 1956. Timber industry scenes from Grays Harbor and the Olympic Peninsula, ordered by Malcolm McGhie. Clear cuts can be seen throughout the forrest dotting the hills where the trees have been harvested. These areas would be replanted for future harvests. Rayonier had a Grays Harbor tree farm that totaled over 111,000 acres.
Lumber industry--Grays Harbor--1950-1960; Trees; Logs; Rayonier, Inc. (Grays Harbor);
ca. 1956. Alaska Pine, Rayflo plant at Marpole. Alaska Pine & Cellulose Limited was a subsidiary of Rayonier and one of the largest lumber operations on the west coast of North America. Rayflo was a new chemical developed from hemlock residuals from the cellulose making process and used in the oil industry. In 1956, a new plant was being built in the Marpole Sawmill Division in Vancouver, B.C. for the production of this chemical. It had previously been produced in Grays Harbor, whose facilities would now be used for experimentation with other new chemicals. (Rayonier's annual report for 1956)
Lumber industry--British Columbia--1950-1960; Trees; Logs; Chemical industry--British Columbia--1950-1960; Alaska Pine & Cellulose Limited (Vancouver B.C.);
ca. 1956. Timber industry scenes from Grays Harbor and the Olympic Peninsula, ordered by Malcolm McGhie. A log train chugs along on the Rayonier owned main line railroad in Washington. The locomotive is one of two new diesel-electric locomotives put in service in 1956, replacing steam. While the two main lines were being improved, spur railroad tracks were being replaced by company owned truck roads. By May of 1957, the conversion to truck logging would be complete. (Rayonier annual report for 1956)
ca. 1956. Timber industry scenes from Grays Harbor and the Olympic Peninsula, ordered by Malcolm McGhie. A locomotive owned by Rayonier Inc. hauls logs across a railroad trestle; carrying them to a mill or paper plant for processing. In 1956, Rayonier was replacing the spur railroad lines with private truck roads that led to two company owned main logging railroads. Funds were spent to improve the main tracks, trestles and replace the steam locomotives with new diesel-electric ones. By May 1957, it was projected that the conversion to truck logging would be complete. This shows a Rayonier Baldwin diesel putting a logging train across the Hoko River Bridge on the Olympic Peninsula. (Rayonier annual report for 1956)
ca. 1956. Alaska Pine, Marpole Division sawmill plant, Vancouver B.C. Logs are brought into the mill where they are barked and cut into 2 inch planks. A series of steps follows where they are edged, trimmed, sorted, kiln-dried and planed. (Rayonier's annual report for 1956)
ca. 1956. Alaska Pine, Rayflo plant at Marpole. Alaska Pine & Cellulose Limited was a subsidiary of Rayonier and one of the largest lumber operations on the west coast of North America. Rayflo was a new chemical developed from hemlock residuals from the cellulose making process and used in the oil industry. In 1956, a new plant was being built in the Marpole Sawmill Division in Vancouver, B.C. for the production of this chemical. It had previously been produced in Grays Harbor, whose facilities would now be used for experimentation with other new chemicals. (Rayonier's annual report for 1956)
Lumber industry--British Columbia--1950-1960; Trees; Logs; Chemical industry--British Columbia--1950-1960; Alaska Pine & Cellulose Limited (Vancouver B.C.);
ca. 1956. Alaska Pine, Rayflo plant at Marpole. This is the new plant being constructed in Vancouver, B.C. at the Marpole Sawmill Division of Alaska Pine for the production of the chemical rayflo. Alaska Pine was the Canadian subsidiary of Rayonier Inc. Rayflo was produced from hemlock residuals obtained from the Marpole mill. The chemical was a dispersant that could be added to oil well drilling mud to control its viscosity and chemical properties. Rayflo was one of a new breed of "silvichemicals" being developed from the byproducts of cellulose manufacture by Rayonier. (Rayonier's annual report for 1956)
Lumber industry--British Columbia--1950-1960; Trees; Logs; Chemical industry--British Columbia--1950-1960; Alaska Pine & Cellulose Limited (Vancouver B.C.);
ca. 1956. Alaska Pine, Rayflo plant at Marpole. Rayflo was a chemical used in the oil industry. When added to oil well drilling mud, it made it possible to control the chemical and physical properties of the mud. Although developed only a few years earlier, rayflo was in demand. The new factory was being built by Alaska Pine, the Canadian Subsidiary of Rayonier, for production of the new chemical. It was previously produced in Grays Harbor, Wa. (Rayonier's annual report for 1956)
Lumber industry--British Columbia--1950-1960; Trees; Logs; Chemical industry--British Columbia--1950-1960; Alaska Pine & Cellulose Limited (Vancouver B.C.);
ca. 1956. Portrait of a timber worker in a hard hat bearing the green cross safety logo. Photograph was taken on Rayonier Grays Harbor timber lands and ordered by Malcolm McGhie. Timber and forests fueled the economy of the Olympic Peninsula.
Lumber industry--Grays Harbor--1950-1960; Trees; Logs; Rayonier, Inc. (Grays Harbor);
ca. 1956. Timber industry scenes from Grays Harbor and the Olympic Peninsula, ordered by Malcolm McGhie. A man maneuvers a large piece of International machinery used to move logs. The machinery is operating in a clear cut and has a trailer arrangement on the back for moving logs and an attachment on the front for pushing the logs. Photographs taken on the timber lands belonging to Rayonier, Inc. Rayonier had a Grays Harbor tree farm totaling over 111,000 acres that had been harvested over 30 years prior and was producing a new crop of timber for the corporate giant.
Lumber industry--Grays Harbor--1950-1960; Trees; Logs; Rayonier, Inc. (Grays Harbor);
ca. 1956. Port Alice, British Columbia; aerial of timber. Alaska Pine & Cellulose Limited operated a chemical cellulose mill at Port Alice, surrounded by fast growing forests logged under a management license from the province. Port Alice lies on Quatsino Sound, an arm of the sea on the western side of Vancouver Island, B.C. The forests are mostly hemlock and offer an abundant supply of raw materials. Nearby Victoria Lake supplies water, the area has its own lime rock quarry and a deep water port for overseas shipping. For all these reasons, Alaska Pine chose to expand and develop this mill further in 1956, upping its capacity to 125, 000 tons of chemical cellulose a year; an investment of $14,000,000. (Rayonier's annual report for 1956)
Lumber industry--British Columbia--1950-1960; Trees; Logs; Alaska Pine & Cellulose Limited (Port Alice B.C.);
ca. 1956. Port McNeil, logging. This appears to be company owned row housing or bunk houses built for the loggers working at the Port McNeil location. The small houses are all identical and two raised wooden sidewalks lie between the two rows of houses. Several men are sitting or lounging on the sidewalks. Housing arrangements like this were provided for the over 2,000 Canadian loggers.
ca. 1956. Port McNeil, aerial, logging. The logging camp sits on the shore surrounded by old growth forests. A dock extends out into the water and rafts of logs lie in the water. Established in 1953, Alaska Pine's logging camp at Mahatta River, on Vancouver Island, is one of three modern logging communities that provide wood for the Port Alice, B.C., chemical cellulose mill. Logs are rafted to the mill, entirely within the protected waters of Quatsino Sound. Non pulp species are barged to the Vancouver area sawmills. (1957 Annual Report, Rayonier Inc.)
ca. 1956. Timber industry scenes from Grays Harbor and the Olympic Peninsula, ordered by Malcolm McGhie. The sign identifies this as an experimental forest established in 1948 by the U.S. Forest Service cooperating with the St. Regis Paper Co. Trees were now being viewed as a renewable resource. They were being raised to support the pulp, paper and wood chemical industry. In the meantime, old growth forests were clear cut to supply timber for commercial purposes.
Lumber industry--Grays Harbor--1950-1960; Trees; St. Regis Paper Co. (Tacoma)--1950-1960;
ca. 1956. Alaska Pine, sawmill plant at New Westminster, B.C. During 1956, Alaska Pine set up a new high speed production line, part of which is shown here, for processing western red cedar bevelled siding. The sawmills at the Marpole and New Westminster Divisions produced a variety of products for wholesale markets in the United States and Canada. The products included hemlock and Douglas fir two-inch dimension lumber, sheathing and boards, cedar siding and shingles and industrial grades for such uses as garage doors, ladders and millwork. Alaska Pine was a leading promoter of the use of cedar, especially as siding. (Rayonier's annual report for 1956)
ca. 1956. Alaska Pine, Rayflo plant at Marpole. This is the new plant being constructed in Vancouver, B.C. at the Marpole Sawmill Division of Alaska Pine for the production of the chemical rayflo. Alaska Pine was the Canadian subsidiary of Rayonier Inc. Rayflo was produced from hemlock residuals obtained from the Marpole mill. The chemical was a dispersant that could be added to oil well drilling mud to control its viscosity and chemical properties. Rayflo was one of a new breed of "silvichemicals" being developed from the byproducts of cellulose manufacture by Rayonier. (Rayonier's annual report for 1956)
Lumber industry--British Columbia--1950-1960; Trees; Logs; Chemical industry--British Columbia--1950-1960; Alaska Pine & Cellulose Limited (Vancouver B.C.);
ca. 1956. Alaska Pine, Rayflo plant at Marpole. Alaska Pine & Cellulose Limited, a Canadian subsidiary of Rayonier Inc., was constructing a new plant at Vancouver B.C. for the production of Rayflo, a chemical used in oil well drilling, and its distribution to foreign markets. Rayflo was a new chemical developed from experimentation with the byproducts of cellulose production. It was produced from hemlock residuals obtained from the Marpole sawmill. It was used to control the chemical and physical properties of oil well drilling mud. Rayflo was the result of product development by Rayonier Inc. (Rayonier's annual report for 1956)
Lumber industry--British Columbia--1950-1960; Trees; Logs; Chemical industry--British Columbia--1950-1960; Alaska Pine & Cellulose Limited (Vancouver B.C.);
ca. 1956. Alaska Pine, Rayflo plant at Marpole. Rayflo was a chemical used in the oil industry. When added to oil well drilling mud, it made it possible to control the chemical and physical properties of the mud. Although developed only a few years earlier, rayflo was in demand. The new factory was being built by Alaska Pine, the Canadian Subsidiary of Rayonier, for production of the new chemical. It was previously produced in Grays Harbor, Wa. (Rayonier's annual report for 1956)
Lumber industry--British Columbia--1950-1960; Trees; Logs; Chemical industry--British Columbia--1950-1960; Alaska Pine & Cellulose Limited (Vancouver B.C.);
ca. 1956. Timber industry scenes from Grays Harbor and the Olympic Peninsula, ordered by Malcolm McGhie. Two hard hatted workers from Rayonier Inc. stand in an old growth forest. This photograph really shows the size of these enormous trees, the loggers appear tiny next to them. This stand of hemlock is approximately 80 years old. The trees are 110 - 125 feet high and average 24 inches in diameter. This track was recently thinned to promote growth of the best trees. Rayonier and its Canadian subsidiary Alaska Pine produced chemical cellulose, pulp, paper and lumber. They were also experimenting in developing new products called "silvichemicals" from the by products of cellulose manufacture. (Rayonier's annual report for 1956)
Lumber industry--Grays Harbor--1950-1960; Trees; Logs; Rayonier, Inc. (Grays Harbor);
ca. 1956. Portrait of a timber worker in a hard hat bearing the green cross safety logo. Photograph was taken on Rayonier Grays Harbor timber lands and ordered by Malcolm McGhie. Timber and forests fueled the economy of the Olympic Peninsula.
Lumber industry--Grays Harbor--1950-1960; Trees; Logs; Rayonier, Inc. (Grays Harbor);
