Interior view of Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Company with man in overalls and cap reading gauges and dials on Boiler No. 2 Control Panel. Also shown are paper readouts, other gauges, a clock and pipes with turn-off valves.

World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; Chemical industry--Tacoma--1940-1950; Working class--Tacoma--1940-1950; Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Co. of Washington (Tacoma);

Worker at Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Company inspecting pressure gauge in May of 1943. During World War II Penn Salt produced chemicals important in manufacturing ammunitions products. (T.Times, 2/23/44)

World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; Chemical industry--Tacoma--1940-1950; Working class--Tacoma--1940-1950; Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Co. of Washington (Tacoma); Factories--Tacoma--1940-1950;

Three security officers were photographed in May of 1943 outside of the Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Co.

World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; Chemical industry--Tacoma--1940-1950; Working class--Tacoma--1940-1950; Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Co. of Washington (Tacoma); Factories--Tacoma--1940-1950;

A male and a female worker were photographed during their regular daily tasks in May of 1943 at the Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Co.

World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; Chemical industry--Tacoma--1940-1950; Working class--Tacoma--1940-1950; Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Co. of Washington (Tacoma); Factories--Tacoma--1940-1950;

One of the gardeners poses proudly with his irises in May of 1943 outside one of the factory buildings at the Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Co. During World War II, the factory manufactured chemicals necessary for the war effort.

World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; Chemical industry--Tacoma--1940-1950; Working class--Tacoma--1940-1950; Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Co. of Washington (Tacoma); Factories--Tacoma--1940-1950;

Workers at the Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Co. were pictured in May of 1943 with a machine that appears to be filling drums with chemicals. "PennSalt" manufactured chemicals for many industries, including the defense industries.

World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; Chemical industry--Tacoma--1940-1950; Working class--Tacoma--1940-1950; Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Co. of Washington (Tacoma); Factories--Tacoma--1940-1950;

Two men are photographed working on a piece of machinery at the Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing plant in May of 1943.

World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; Chemical industry--Tacoma--1940-1950; Working class--Tacoma--1940-1950; Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Co. of Washington (Tacoma); Factories--Tacoma--1940-1950;

A worker is photographed at his job at the Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Co. in May of 1943. The company produced chemicals, some of which were necessary for the war effort.

World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; Chemical industry--Tacoma--1940-1950; Working class--Tacoma--1940-1950; Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Co. of Washington (Tacoma); Factories--Tacoma--1940-1950;

On February 16, 1943, twenty one women took up wrenches and became the first females to study auto mechanics at the brand new Clover Park Vocational School plant. On hand for the opening ceremonies and photographed in the hands-on classroom were, left to right, Lt. C.L. Booth, Capt. F.A. Rose, Ed Erickson, Mrs. Pearl Wanamaker and A.G. Hudtloff. The Clover Park plant was designed to train women in predominantly male vocations and guarantee them placement in the war industries on completion, thus freeing men for fighting duty. (TNT 2/17/1943, pg. 19)

World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; Clover Park High School (Lakewood); Public schools--Tacoma--1940-1950;

On Sunday May 23, 1943, a delegation from the Civilian War Council was presented with a check for $1,000 by the Tacoma Victory Salvage Committee. The check represented the proceeds from salvage turned into war materials. Posed left to right in front of a background of mixed scrap at "Scrap Iron Acres" are E.M. Wetherell, Rev. Harold M. Booch (both of the Council,) Lloyd Thorpe ("yard boss" of the Salvage Committee,) Ed Wahlquist and B.G. Floyd (Masons.) Each Sunday, a different organization gathered at the Acres, Pierce County's salvage depot near the Pacific Match Co. at 3223 So. Union, to sort the scrap gathered by County residents. The check represented countless hours of volunteer labor sorting and loading out the scrap that was re-manufactured back into war materials. (T. Times 5/24/1943, pg.14)

World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; Fraternal organizations--Tacoma--1940-1950; Scrap drives--Tacoma--1940-1950;

War Housing; Salishan project. An overview of many of the 2000 + planned structures being built. These single, duplex and fourplex houses were planned to house defense workers during World War II. They were never meant to be permanent, but many lasted until 2004 when they were torn down to construct new housing. They were built on a plain overlooking both the Sound and the mountain. The framework was up for the majority of the 2000, with some ready for interiors. The project was scheduled to be completed by the end of June. Boespflug Construction Co. was the contractor for 1600 of the units. [Also dated 02-09-1943] T.Times 2/25/1943, pg. 31

World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; Housing developments--Tacoma--1940-1950; Salishan Housing Project (Tacoma);

War Housing; Salishan project. The skeleton frames of new construction at Salishan can be seen in the background. Tacoma, unable to house all of the area's defense workers, had undertaken their largest housing project to date, a 2,000+ housing development on the east side. By January of 1943, some of the houses were almost completed, but no one was able to move in because there were no sewers. The sewers had not yet been built. [Also dated 02-09-1943]

World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; Housing developments--Tacoma--1940-1950; Salishan Housing Project (Tacoma);

Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Company, coverage of "E" award ceremony on May 15, 1943. Reno Odlin, left, master of ceremonies at the event, is reviewing materials with two other unidentified men. (T.Times, 5/17/1943, p.16)

World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Co. of Washington (Tacoma); Awards;

Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Company was awarded the Army/Navy "E" award during a May 15, 1943 outdoor ceremony. The award was for excellence in the manufacture of chemicals vital to the war effort. A crowd was photographed seated outside the Penn Salt building with a stage erected in front and the Air Force band from McChord Field seated next to stage. Several people are seated on the stage. (T.Times, 5/17/1943, p.16)

World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Co. of Washington (Tacoma); Awards;

National Bank of Washington employees, left to right, Betty Burhe, Buela Gabrielsen and Herta Ley posed with cancelled ration stamps in the furnace room at Consumer's Heating Co. on April 15, 1943. They were preparing to burn the stamps in the furnace, as mandated by OPA regulations. The sugar, coffee and gasoline stamps were turned in by local markets, service stations and stores where ration stamps were required. The day after World War II ended, gasoline, canned fruits and vegetables, fuel oil and oil stoves went off rationing. Sugar, meats, fats and oils, butter, shoes and tires remained under ration until the economy stabilized. (T.Times, 4/19/1943, p.1; TNT, 8/16/1945, p. 1).

World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; World War, 1939-1945--Women--Tacoma; Consumer rationing--Tacoma--1940-1950; Coupons; Burhe, Betty; Gabrielsen, Buela; Ley, Herta; National Bank of Washington--People;

War Finance Committee bond sale booth at 11th and Pacific on April 29, 1943. As part of the Second War Bond Drive, from 12 noon to 12:15 p.m. on the 29th, the stores in downtown Tacoma sold nothing but war bonds and war stamps. The Second drive in Pierce County raised over $10 million; nationally it raised 18.5 billion.

World War, 1939-1945--Economic aspects of war--Tacoma; War Finance Committee (Tacoma); War bonds & funds;

Men unable to leave the base for the holidays invited wives and sweethearts to attend Easter Services, 1943, at the US Coast Guard patrol base in Tacoma. Coast Guard headquarters were located in the Municipal Dock Building during World War II. (T. Times, 4/26/1943, p.8.)

World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--Tacoma; Religious services--Tacoma--1940-1950; Easter--Tacoma;

Sailors and their wives listen to the radio after Easter Services, 1943, at the Coast Guard headquarters. Special services were held for those men unable to leave the base, with their wives and loved ones as special guests. Left to right are Mr. and Mrs. S.L. Rice, Mr. and Mrs. W.W. Red, and Mr. and Mrs. Paul Staples. (T. Times, 4/26/43, p.8)

World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--Tacoma; Religious services--Tacoma--1940-1950; Easter--Tacoma;

Service mothers in Defense plants. During the Second World War many women took on non-traditional jobs to support the war effort. Mrs. E.L. Clevinger was a burner's helper in a defense plant. She and other women involved in defense work were honored at a special ceremony on Mother's Day in 1943. Her son, Corp. George Clevinger, had just left Tacoma after a furlough with his family. He was stationed at Camp Claiborne, La. (T. Times, 5/8/43 p.1, 4 & 5) TPL-8035

World War, 1939-1945--Women--Tacoma; Mothers; Clevinger, E.L.--Family;

State and local education leaders and Army officers pose on February 13, 1943 at the opening of the Clover Park vocational shop program to train women as mechanics for the Mount Rainier Ordnance Depot. Thirty women were enrolled in the "mechanic learner program." Present at the opening were, left to right, Capt. E.A. Rose, Olai Hageness, John Maas, Iva Alice Mann, Sam Rehn, Mrs. H.E. Liebe, Lt. C. L. Booth, Mrs. Pearl Wanamaker, Ed Erickson and A.G. Hudtloff. (T.Times, 2/18/1943, p. 2)

World War, 1939-1945--Women--Tacoma; World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; Clover Park High School (Lakewood); Public schools--Tacoma--1940-1950;

On February 16, 1943, the Clover Park Vocational School began its first classes for women learning to be auto mechanics. This pictured group checking under the hood of a dented military vehicle was on hand for the opening ceremonies. They are, left to right, Lt. C.L. Booth, Capt. F.A. Rose, Ed Erickson, Mrs. Pearl Wanamaker and A.G. Hudtloff. There were 21 women in the first class. (TNT 2/17/1943, pg. 19) TPL-10379

World War, 1939-1945--Women--Tacoma; World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; Clover Park High School (Lakewood); Public schools--Tacoma--1940-1950;

Ruth Zdillae (right), home on furlough, dropped into the Army Recruiting Office in the Washington Building on February 25, 1943 to talk about her love for the Army life. She was stationed as a cook at Fort Sam Houston in Texas. Jean Hunnewell (left), in charge of WAAC recruiting here, was on duty. Miss Pauline Gregoryk, who had stopped in for information, was so impressed that she signed up for duty. (T.Times, 2/26/1943, p.4)

World War, 1939-1945--Women--Tacoma; World War, 1939-1945--Recruiting & enlistment--Tacoma; Zdillae, Ruth; Hunnewell, Jean; Gregoryk, Pauline;

ca. 1943. War Housing, Lincoln Heights. Development of new one-story houses. The area is newly graded with paved streets. Format: 7x11". TPL-6416

World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; Housing--Tacoma--1940-1950; Lincoln Heights Housing Project (Tacoma);

WWII war housing, Salishan. Its name derived from the Council of Indian Tribes of Puget Sound Region, Salishan is the single largest residential housing project yet attempted in Tacoma. It consisted of 2000+ structures on 188 acres located between East 38th St. and East 51st St. and between Portland Avenue and the eastern City limits. The large building in the foreground has been identified as the Salishan community center. It later became part of Lister Elementary School. (T.Times, 1/21/1943, p.21; 2/25/1943, p.31; and 8/26/1943 p.21) TPL-4030; TPL-6417 (Additional information provided by a reader)

World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; Housing--Tacoma--1940-1950; Salishan Housing Project (Tacoma);

War housing, Salishan. Salishan is the single largest residential housing project yet attempted in Tacoma. Located between East 38th St. and East 45th St. and between Portland Avenue and the eastern City limits. (T.Times, 1/21/1943, p.21; 2/25/1943, p.31; and 8/26/1943 p.21) TPL-4030

World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; Housing--Tacoma--1940-1950; Salishan Housing Project (Tacoma);

Salishan War Housing. Ordered by War Housing. Small log and concrete bridge, three boys (two in bathing suits) sitting on far rail in this August, 1943, photograph. Tall trees are behind them and they are looking down behind them. Foreground shows a dry creek bed. The street has been identified as East 44th St. just west of East T. TPL-8218 (Additional information provided by a reader)

World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; Housing--Tacoma--1940-1950; Salishan Housing Project (Tacoma); Residential streets--Tacoma--1940-1950;

Pile driver at scrap agency. Men are processing old metal water tanks through a pile driver at the scrap pile behind Pacific Match Company, "Scrap Iron Acres", to break them up for vital metal needed in the U.S. war effort. The pile driver is on loan from the Industrial Engineers and Contractors with volunteers from Iron Workers' and Pile Drivers' unions. (T.Times, 6/28/1943, p.1)

World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; Refuse disposal--Tacoma--1940-1950;

Large group portrait of workers, men, women and children, at scrap agency, "Scrap Iron Acres", where salvaged metal was flattened by an on-site pile driver to be used for the war effort. (T.Times, 6/28/1943, p.1)

World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; Refuse disposal--Tacoma--1940-1950;

Women Block Leaders of Civilian Defense at scrap pile. Three women lift an iron bedstead into machinery at the junk yard. The sorted scrap will be reprocessed at a steel mill. The salvage pile, known as "Scrap Iron Acres," is adjacent to the Pacific Match Company plant. L - R Dorothy Rouse, Ahtol Engleys, and Winifred Moore. (T.Times, 6/11/1943, p.20)

World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; Salvage--1940-1950; Recycling--1940-1950; World War, 1939-1945--Women--Tacoma; Rouse, Dorothy; Engleys, Ahtol; Moore, Winifred;

War Savings staff. Members of the American Legion Auxiliary, Edward B. Rhodes Post No. 2, stand holding tags. They will have booths at department stores and stand at street corners to tag people for "Molly Pitcher" Day. L-R Lillian Burrows, Maude Overdahl, Hazel Slater, Gertrude Champagne, Josephine Gillarm and Wahneatah Hough. Some of these women are shown in D14380-3. (T.Times, 8/3/1943, p.16)

World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; War bonds & funds; Women--Organizations--Tacoma--1940-1950; Patriotic societies; American Legion Auxiliary (Tacoma);