Birchfield Boiler; heat exchanger and casing. This huge condenser is one of a pair manufactured by Birchfield Boiler for the St. Regis Paper and Pulp plant. The condenser is used to recover waste heat from pulp digesters. Because they come in contact with corrosive substances, the tubes are stainless steel. There are 1184 of them, more than 3 1/2 miles of tubing in each unit. The shells and ends are made of 1 1/2 inch steel plate. Each condenser was valued at $25,000. (TNT 3/13/1955, pg. B-17)

Birchfield Boiler, Inc. (Tacoma); Boilers; Boiler industry--Tacoma; Paper industry--Tacoma--1950-1960;

ca. 1955. Two tall brick storage tanks appear as stark monoliths against the hazy blue skies in Acme, North Carolina. These were part of the Riegel Carolina Paper Co.'s plant. Railroad cars are in the photo's background; Riegel Paper apparently had easy rail access for transporting their paper products. Photograph ordered by Stebbins Engineering & Manufacturing Co., Seattle.

Riegel Carolina (Acme, N.C.); Paper industry--North Carolina--Acme; Industrial facilities--North Carolina--Acme; Storage tanks; Stebbins Engineering & Manufacturing Co. (Seattle);

ca. 1955. Views of the Riegel Carolina Paper & Pulp Co. in Acme, North Carolina, were shot on behalf of the Stebbins Engineering & Manufacturing Co., Seattle, in possibly the latter part of 1955. This picture shows the exterior of a brick building next to two tall storage tanks. There is an extended ramp leading from the building; apparently carts or containers could be loaded onto the ramp for easy access to and from the building. Photograph ordered by Stebbins Engineering & Manufacturing Co.

Riegel Carolina (Acme, N.C.); Paper industry--North Carolina--Acme; Industrial facilities--North Carolina--Acme; Storage tanks; Stebbins Engineering & Manufacturing Co. (Seattle);

Link Belt equipment at St. Regis. The large rolls of paper are moved by a conveyer belt arrangement made up of lots of little rollers. It appears that the rolls of paper are rolled onto the belt when flat. The belt then uprights the paper and transports it. One man operates the machinery, while another stands to the rear with 2 more rolls of paper for loading.

St. Regis Paper Co. (Tacoma)--1950-1960; Mills--Tacoma--1950-1960; Paper industry--Tacoma--1950-1960;

Paper and pulp production at the R.W. Paper Co. in Longview, Wa. A worker controls the amount of liquid pouring on the rollers by means of a valve, as part of the pulp manufacturing process. Wood is composed of cellulose fibers that are cemented together with a substance called lignin. To transform wood into pulp, the fibers must be separated. This separation is done using either a mechanical or a chemical process. Wood is cooked in huge vats with chemicals. The combined actions of heat and the chemicals dissolve the lignin. The pulp is then bleached, using chemicals that make it not only whiter but also more resistant and absorbent. Photographs ordered by Malcolm McGhie.

R. W. Paper Co. (Longview); Paper industry--Longview--1950-1960;

Pulp manufacturing process at the R.W. Paper Co. in Longview, Wa. A pipe pours hot liquid into this vat, forming a steaming cauldron at this stage of the pulp making business. Chemicals and steam are being used to separate the fiber from the lignin, the material that binds it together. Photographs ordered by Malcolm McGhie.

R. W. Paper Co. (Longview); Paper industry--Longview--1950-1960;

Paper quality control testing at R.W. Paper Co. in Longview, Wa. The technician appears to be measuring by stopwatch how quickly the ink blots spread on the paper samples. Photographs ordered by Malcolm McGhie.

R. W. Paper Co. (Longview); Paper industry--Longview--1950-1960; Product inspection--Longview; Testing--Longview;

R.W. Paper Co. in Longview, Wa. Photograph ordered by Malcolm McGhie. This is possibly the office for the paper company. As of 1965, the company was still operating in Longview and making specialty, such as waxed, papers.

R. W. Paper Co. (Longview); Paper industry--Longview--1950-1960;

Pulp manufacturing process at R.W. Paper Co. in Longview, Wa. Photograph ordered by Malcolm McGhie. The workers seems diminutive next to the vast circular vats filled with pulp. In the pulp making process, chemicals are used to separate the wood fibers from the lignin that binds it together. The fibers are then bleached and sent through the paper machine for sheeting and drying.

R. W. Paper Co. (Longview); Paper industry--Longview--1950-1960;

Paper quality control testing at R.W. Paper Co. in Longview, Wa. Two white coated lab technicians work in the lab performing tests. Tests are performed on the finished product for water content, smoothness, weight, color, resistance and opacity. Photographs ordered by Malcolm McGhie.

R. W. Paper Co. (Longview); Paper industry--Longview--1950-1960; Product inspection--Longview; Testing--Longview;

Paper quality control testing at R.W. Paper Co. in Longview, Wa. Two technicians in white lab coats perform tests on samples. The man on the right, hands on the controls of the meter, is measuring a quality of the paper square weighted down by the cylinder. The technician on the left is weighing a substance in a glass bottle. Both men jot down their findings in the open ledgers beside them. Photographs ordered by Malcolm McGhie.

R. W. Paper Co. (Longview); Paper industry--Longview--1950-1960; Product inspection--Longview; Testing--Longview;

Pulp manufacturing machinery at R.W. Paper Co. in Longview, Wa. Photograph ordered by Malcolm McGhie. Two building engineers work on a piece of machinery. Modern paper machines can produce hundreds of tons of paper each day. Approximately 15 % of our national supply of pulp is manufactured in Oregon and Washington.

R. W. Paper Co. (Longview); Paper industry--Longview--1950-1960;

Pulp manufacturing machinery at R.W. Paper Co. in Longview, Wa. Photograph ordered by Malcolm McGhie. Vats of pulp dwarf the worker at the bottom center of the picture. The pulp fiber, after being extracted from the wood by a chemical process, is about 99 per cent water. The water is removed by pressure and suction being applied to the mixture. The resulting sheet then moves on to the drying machine.

R. W. Paper Co. (Longview); Paper industry--Longview--1950-1960;

Pulp manufacturing machinery at R.W. Paper Co. in Longview, Wa. Photograph ordered by Malcolm McGhie. This picture shows a paper machine. When the pulp mixture arrives at the paper machine headbox, its water content is over 99%. The mixture is sent under pressure onto an immense moving canvas. The action of the canvas and a suction system extract most of the water in the pulp and form a sheet. The sheet then moves onto the drying section where it comes in contact with steam heated cylinders that dry it to the desired degree.

R. W. Paper Co. (Longview); Paper industry--Longview--1950-1960;

Pulp manufacturing machinery at R.W. Paper Co. in Longview, Wa. Photograph ordered by Malcolm McGhie. Workers handle large rolls of finished pulp. Once dried in the drying machine, the sheet of pulp passes between immense rolls of heated steel called calenders. These cylinders compress and smooth the surface of the sheet. As the product is rolled, it is inspected for water content, smoothness, weight, color, resistance and opacity.

R. W. Paper Co. (Longview); Paper industry--Longview--1950-1960;

Paper quality control testing at R.W. Paper Co. in Longview, Wa. A laboratory for testing paper and pulp can be viewed through a large observation window. The man on the right adjusts a microscope for viewing. The technician on the left tests ink absorbency. The room has several pieces of testing equipment that are not being used at this time. Photographs ordered by Malcolm McGhie.

R. W. Paper Co. (Longview); Paper industry--Longview--1950-1960; Product inspection--Longview; Testing--Longview;

Pulp manufacturing machinery at R.W. Paper Co. in Longview, Wa. Photograph ordered by Malcolm McGhie. The paper machinery extracts the water from the pulp, forming a sheet. The sheet is then dried, smoothed and rolled.

R. W. Paper Co. (Longview); Paper industry--Longview--1950-1960;

Pulp manufacturing machinery at R.W. Paper Co. in Longview, Wa. Photograph ordered by Malcolm McGhie. A roller rolls through a vast vat of pulp on the lower level. Other vats are empty. Above, on the 2nd level, are located pipes and controls for filling the vats. When the pulp mixture arrives at the paper machine, its water content is very high. The water is removed and the resulting sheet moves on to the drying section of the machine.

R. W. Paper Co. (Longview); Paper industry--Longview--1950-1960;

Shipping the finished product at the Rayonier and Rayflo plants, ordered by Malcolm McGhie. Much of the market for cellulose markets was overseas and the deepwater docking at Rayonier's Canadian subsidiary's Alaska Pine mill at Port Alice, BC, could accomodate large oil tankers and ocean vessels for overseas shipment. Here a forklift is being used to load a large vessel.

Paper industry--British Columbia--1950-1960; Alaska Pine & Cellulose Limited (Port Alice B.C.); Cargo ships--British Columbia;

Shipping the finished product at the Rayonier and Rayflo plants, ordered by Malcolm McGhie. Much of the market for cellulose markets was overseas and the deepwater docking at Rayonier's Canadian subsidiary's Alaska Pine mill at Port Alice, BC, could accomodate large oil tankers and ocean vessels for overseas shipment. Here a forklift is being used to load a large vessel.

Paper industry--British Columbia--1950-1960; Alaska Pine & Cellulose Limited (Port Alice B.C.); Cargo ships--British Columbia;

Rayonier and Rayflo plants, ordered by Malcolm McGhie. Rayonier, Inc. manufactured paper, pulp and cellulose products. This series of photographs appears to have been taken at the Port Alice, British Columbia, cellulose mill. The Port Alice mill was operated by Alaska Pine, a subsidiary of Rayonier, Inc. Here large machinery is audited by two men.

Paper industry--British Columbia--1950-1960; Trees; Logs; Alaska Pine & Cellulose Limited (Port Alice B.C.);

Rayonier and Rayflo plants, ordered by Malcolm McGhie. Rayonier, Inc. manufactured paper, pulp and cellulose products. This series of photographs appears to have been taken at the Port Alice, British Columbia, cellulose mill. The Port Alice mill was operated by Alaska Pine, a subsidiary of Rayonier, Inc. Here large machinery is audited by two men.

Paper industry--British Columbia--1950-1960; Trees; Logs; Alaska Pine & Cellulose Limited (Port Alice B.C.);

Pacific Waxpaper Co., photograph ordered by Malcolm McGhie. This factory is processing paper for Scot Tissue. The machinery in the back is rolling the paper on huge rolls with the Scot log printed on the outside. The man to the left is operating what appears to be cutting machinery. The two women are wrapping the paper for shipment. In the front of the picture are large stacks of uncut paper measuring 4 squares by 4 squares; they are then cut into shipment size of 2 squares by 1. Scot distributed a number of household paper products. The paper carries the disclaimer, "New. Now even softer."

Paper industry--1950-1960; Pacific Waxpaper Co.; Scot Tissue;

ca. 1959. The St. Regis Paper Co. kraft pulp and paper mill and multiwall bag plant at Tacoma, Washington. The plant was a major producing unit serving the western states. Late in 1959, construction was started to expand the pulp mill and install a second machine which would produce kraft paper and board, more than doubling the output of the mill. The new kraft paper and paper board machine was 130 feet wide and 630 feet long. It would require 150 additional employees at a payroll of 3/4 million dollars. Additions were being made to the steam and recovery plants, pulp mill (left) and to the paper mill (right.) (St. Regis Paper Co. Annual Report- 1959; TNT 11/5/1959, pg. 1)

Paper industry--Tacoma--1950-1960; Mills--Tacoma; Logs; St. Regis Paper Co. (Tacoma)--1950-1960;

ca. 1959. Cement bags being produced in St. Regis's multi-wall bag plant in Tacoma. The bags are for Dacotah Portland Cement, produced by the South Dakota Cement plant in Rapid City, SD.

St. Regis Paper Co. (Tacoma)--1950-1960; Mills--Tacoma--1950-1960; Paper industry--Tacoma--1950-1960;

A Veneer Chip Transport Kenworth truck and trailer, indicating capacity weight of under 36,000, is parked outside the St. Regis plant on Portland Avenue on April 11, 1960. The photograph would be used for advertising. Photograph ordered by Kenworth Motor Truck Co., Seattle.

Trucks--Tacoma--1960-1970; St. Regis Paper Co. (Tacoma)--1960-1970;

St. Regis timber operations in Mineral forest stand, August 2, 1960. Clear cutting is evident in this section of Mineral forest owned by the St. Regis Paper Co. Stumps and pieces of fallen timber are scattered amidst the knee-length grass. Photograph ordered by Malcolm McGhie, industrial consultant, New York.

Tree stumps; Clearing of land; Trees; St. Regis Paper Co. (Mineral);

August, 1960, progress photographs of St. Regis Paper Co. mill ordered by Malcolm McGhie, industrial consultant, New York. View of portion of St. Regis Paper Co. plant in the Tideflats including stacks of logs piled adjacent to railroad tracks. Cylinder-shaped structure is probably the new continuous digester which was expected to increase capacity by 325 tons per day. The tower is 110 feet high. Capital expenditures for 1960 & 1961 included $20,893,881 for the Kraft mill expansion of St. Regis' Tacoma plant. This amount, by far, was the highest budgeted for those years and accounted for over one-third of the money planned for new construction and plant improvement. The addition to the Tacoma mill was made to permit St. Regis to furnish a larger part of the needs of the company's own box plants and bag factories in the western and midwest states. (1960 Annual report, p. 3, 6, TNT 11-13-60, A-18)

St. Regis Paper Co. (Tacoma)--1960-1970; Progress photographs; Logs; Machinery;

Progress photographs of St. Regis Paper Co. expansion taken on August 11, 1960, on behalf of Malcolm McGhie, industrial consultant, New York. Long general view of machine room taken from balcony on north end. The machine room was enlarged at the Kraft paper and board mill located in the Tideflats during a twenty million dollar expansion scheduled for 1960-61. A new paper machine would be added by year's end which would increase and diversify the Tacoma mill's paper and board capacity. (1960 Annual Report, p. 6, 7)

St. Regis Paper Co. (Tacoma)--1960-1970; Progress photographs; Machinery;

View of enlarged machine room in the St. Regis Paper Co.'s kraft paper and board mill on November 28, 1960. This progress photograph was taken on behalf of Malcolm McGhie, industrial consultant from New York City, for possible use in St. Regis' 1960 Annual report. A new paper machine was being erected in 1960 which would increase and diversify Tacoma's paper and board capacity. (St. Regis 1960 Annual Report, p. 7)

St. Regis Paper Co. (Tacoma)--1960-1970; Progress photographs; Machinery;