1966 Idaho logging operations. After the logs are harvested, they are brought to one of the many Potlatch Forests, Inc., mills near the Jaype, Idaho, area. Piles of logs are stacked near the large mill above. The plumes of smoke emerging from several chimneys indicate the mill is apparently in full operation. Photograph ordered by Malcolm McGhie, industrial consultant, New York. (Additional identification provided by a reader)

Potlatch Forests, Inc.; Lumber industry--Idaho--1960-1970; Paper industry--Idaho--1960-1970;

Logger, chainsaw in hand, examines tree in this photograph dating from July of 1966. The name "Frank" Feller was written on the image storage sleeve. It is not clear whether Feller referred to "Frank's" last name or his occupation as a person who cuts down, or "fells," trees. The stand of trees were believed to be located near the Lewiston, Idaho area and part of the Potlatch Forests property. (scan from original color positive, no print on file)

Saws; Lumber industry--Idaho--1960-1970; Potlatch Forests, Inc. (Lewiston, ID);

October, 1967, scenes from Idaho pulp and paper industry. Workers at the Potlatch Forests, Inc., plant in Lewiston, Idaho, stand before three similar machines made by the Kiln Co. which processes large sheets of plywood veneers. A forklift is ready to lift more sheets. Photograph ordered by New York industrial consultant, Malcolm McGhie, for 1967 Potlatch Forests annual report.

Plywood; Potlatch Forests, Inc. (Lewiston, ID); Lumber industry--Idaho--1960-1970; Paper industry--Idaho--1960-1970; Hoisting machinery;

View of new hangar at South Tacoma Airport on January 10, 1958, shows how plywood was heavily utilized. The narrow, slightly bent pieces of plywood above the plywood forms are box beams. They were probably put together at Weber Lumber Co. a few days before. These are believed to be some of the ten new "T" hangars built by C.E. Munson, contractor. Planes would be hangared five to a side. Photograph ordered by Douglas Fir Plywood Association. (TNT 2-2-58, A-14)

Plywood; Hangars--Tacoma; Douglas Fir Plywood Association (Tacoma);

Box beams are being erected in the new hangar at South Tacoma Airport on January 10, 1958. These plywood products were probably constructed at Weber Lumber Co. A small lifting machine has hoisted a box beam while three workers maneuver it into place. Photograph ordered by Douglas Fir Plywood Association.

Plywood; Hoisting machinery; Douglas Fir Plywood Association (Tacoma);

Rayonier logging operations at Sappho in July, 1961. Logs are being lowered by cable (wire rope) under the supervision of Rayonier employees. Photograph ordered by Bethlehem Pacific Coast Steel, Seattle.

Logs; Lumber industry--Sappho;

1976 Richards color stock footage. Log dumps in foreground; log piles on land. Kaiser Domes that hold alumina in background.

Logs; Storage tanks--Tacoma; Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corp. (Tacoma);

Scenes from Potlatch Forests, Inc., Lewiston, Idaho plant. Two men are walking inside the enormous open-air concrete "bowl" located on Potlatch property in Lewiston, Idaho. Others are busy putting finishing touches on the retaining walls and on what may be a conveyor system extending to the plant. Photograph ordered by Malcolm McGhie, industrial consultant, New York.

Potlatch Forests, Inc. (Lewiston, ID); Paper industry--Idaho--1960-1970; Lumber industry--Idaho--1960-1970;

Plywood operations at Potlatch Forests, Inc., Idaho location. Glued and layered sheets of wood veneer are in the process of being processed on July 8, 1968. One worker is shown lifting a sheet of plywood into place onto one of three large stacks. Photograph ordered by Malcolm McGhie, industrial consultant, New York.

Potlatch Forests, Inc. (Lewiston, ID); Paper industry--Idaho--1960-1970; Lumber industry--Idaho--1960-1970; Plywood; Mills--Idaho--Lewiston;

A truck loaded with logs breaks a path through the Idaho snow in early March of 1969. The logs are believed to be headed for a Potlatch Forests, Inc., mill probably in Lewiston. Photograph ordered by Malcolm McGhie, industrial consultant, New York.

Logs; Lumber industry--Idaho--1960-1970; Trucks--Idaho; Snow--Idaho;

A variety of photographs were taken of the interior and exterior of the Potlatch Forests, Inc., plant located in Lewiston, Idaho, in mid-October of 1969. The wood products stacked above inside an open container have been identified by a reader as presto-logs (Pres-to-Logs) designed by Potlatch in 1930 as a way to use sawdust from the lumber mill. Pres-to-Logs were a slow-burning, almost smokeless fuel which were ideal for fireplaces both in the home or on railcars. They were made using a process which involved extreme heat, high pressure and moisture. By the looks of the cobwebby substance draped over the particular logs in the photograph, they may have been stored there awhile and may have been the home to many spiders. Photograph ordered by Malcolm McGhie, industrial consultant, New York. (Additional information provided by a reader and company history by www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/Potlatch-Corporation-Company-History)

Potlatch Forests, Inc. (Lewiston, ID); Lumber industry--Idaho--1960-1970; Paper industry--Idaho--1960-1970;

Scenes from Potlatch Forests, Inc. This worker in Potlatch Forests, Inc.'s Lewiston, Idaho plant, is manning the wheel controlling a large roll of kraft pulp. This photograph was typical of the many taken of day-to-day operations at the Idaho facility in mid-October of 1969. Photograph ordered by Malcolm McGhie, industrial consultant, New York.

Potlatch Forests, Inc. (Lewiston, ID); Lumber industry--Idaho--1960-1970; Paper industry--Idaho--1960-1970; Industrial facilities--Idaho;

October, 1969, scenes from Idaho plant. Two employees of Potlatch Forests, Inc., examine under bright light large sheets of their company's kraft pulp. Faint ripples can be seen on the sheets. Photograph ordered by Malcolm McGhie, industrial consultant, New York.

Potlatch Forests, Inc. (Lewiston, ID); Lumber industry--Idaho--1960-1970; Paper industry--Idaho--1960-1970; Industrial facilities--Idaho;

Scenes from Potlatch Forests' Idaho plant. A worker at the big Lewiston, Idaho plant of Potlatch Forests, Inc., examines a sample of paper towels manufactured and sold and packaged to order for grocery stores and drug store chains. The tissue products were privately labeled and included bathroom tissue, facial tissues, towels and napkins. These consumer products were sold within the United States. Photograph ordered by Malcolm McGhie, industrial consultant, New York. (www.potlatchcorp.com)

Potlatch Forests, Inc. (Lewiston, ID); Paper industry--Idaho--1960-1970; Lumber industry--Idaho--1960-1970;

October, 1969, scenes from Potlatch Forests' Idaho plant. A Towmotor forklift driver carefully maneuvers his unit to grasp a large roll of bleached kraft market pulp from similar stacked towers. The forest of kraft pulp rolls stand many feet higher than the seated driver. Photograph ordered by Malcolm McGhie, industrial consultant, New York.

Potlatch Forests, Inc. (Lewiston, ID); Paper industry--Idaho--1960-1970; Lumber industry--Idaho--1960-1970; Hoisting machinery; Industrial facilities--Idaho;

Mess tents pitched on the old Central School playgrounds across from the Armory as cooks prepare to feed the men of the second battalion of the Washington National Guard 161st Infantry called out to control the violence associated with the 1935 Lumber workers' strike. In June of 1935, the mills in Tacoma and surrounded areas attempted to reopen with workers willing to return to work. Violence erupted between the returning workers and the strikers. Governor Clarence Martin ordered the Guard in on June 23rd, 1935 after reports that local authorities were unable to handle the situation. It was the second time the Guard was ordered out since the World War, the other two times being in 1919 and 1933. (TNT 6/24/1935, pg. 1 & 2)

Soldiers from the 161st Infantry of the Washington National Guard patrol the Tideflats during the Lumber worker's strike of 1935. In June of 1935, the mills of Tacoma and surrounding areas were attempting to reopen after petitions circulated stating that over 60 % of the work force was willing to return. Governor Clarence Martin promised protection to the mills and workers and called in the Guard to patrol the Tideflats and guard the entrances into the industrial area. They also accompanied returning workers on the main thoroughfares into the area. The troops totalled over 500 by June 25th and came from Yakima, Prosser, Pullman and Walla Walla. (TNT 6/24/1935, pg. 1 & 2)

Members of the 2nd battalion of the Washington National Guard 161st Infantry lounge on the ground, or stand in line with their mess kits, preparing to eat at the temporary mess tents set up on the old Central School playground. The Guard was called into Tacoma by Governor Clarence Martin on June 23rd, 1935 to control the violence associated with the lumber workers' strike. The soldiers were stationed at the Armory and their mess tents set up in this nearby playground. The lumber and sawmill workers' strike started on May 6th and was settled August 2nd, 1935. (TNT 6/24/1935, pg. 1 & 2)

When the attempts in June of 1935 of workers to return to the striking mills erupted in violence, Governor Clarence Martin ordered in the Washington National Guard late Sunday night, June 23, 1935. The guards were whisked from Camp Murray to Tacoma in 16 trucks. Their job was to protect the returning workers and the mills. (TNT 6/24/1935, pg. 1 & 2)

ca. 1918. The Puget Mill Company Hall in Port Gamble, circa 1918. The Company Hall was built in 1907 and designed by the Seattle architecture firm of Bebb and Mendel. It was located across Rainier Ave. from the General Store. The hall was intended to serve as a location for meetings, athletic events, socials and worship. The first floor contained offices for the doctor and dentist, a barber shop, telegraph office and Post Office. The second floor served as a meeting room, theater, movie house and dance hall. The building is still in use as a Post Office and rents office space. (Historylink.org) Boland #P-4

Lumber industry--Port Gamble; Puget Mill Co. (Port Gamble); Post offices--Port Gamble; Community centers--Port Gamble;

ca. 1918. The home at the top right of the picture is the Walker-Ames house in Port Gamble, circa 1918. The structure on the left is unidentified. Port Gamble was the company town owned by the Puget Mill. A hierarchy developed in company housing, with the Superintendent receiving the largest house on the highest ground with the best view of the mill. The original Superintendent's home burned down in 1885 and was replaced by this Queen Anne structure built in 1888. Superintendent Edwin Ames was single at the home's completion and did not need such a large structure, so the home was occupied by master mechanic William Walker, brother of original general manager and shareholder Cyrus Walker, and his family. Ames married the Williams daughter and the two families shared the house until 1900. (TNT 12/31/1972, pg. B-5, Historylink.org) G73.1-032

Lumber industry--Port Gamble; Puget Mill Co. (Port Gamble); Walker-Ames House (Port Gamble);

Log on shute. This log on a shute at an unidentified sawmill was photographed in mid-August of 1919. TPL-8085; G36.1-015

Logs;

An early logging truck, used by Wilson Logging Co. to bring in logs, was photographed in August of 1919. The early motor trucks offered an economical alternative to railway logging. Despite the cost of constructing roads, the trucks were a cheaper, faster and more practical way to move the logs. They were a common sight by the 1920s. They usually were underpowered, had an open cab and hard rubber tires, but they could go places that locomotives could not. There was a C.C. (Chan) Wilson Lumber Co. located in Hudson, just west of Rainier, Oregon. G75.1-032 (website for the Museum at Campbell River www.crmuseum.ca\exhibits)

Lumber industry--1910-1920; Wilson Logging Co.;

On May 9, 1922, a steam cargo ship was pictured docked at the Tidewater Mill, where it was taking on a shipment of lumber. The Mill was located on the east side of the Hylebos Waterway, near the end of 11th St. It was opened in 1918 and had a capacity of 100,000 logs a day. The mill was built on wetlands which were filled for the construction of the mill. Its greatest advantage was its frontage on 750 feet of deep water, allowing the loading of several vessels at a time. (TDL 12/22/1918, Pg. B-8)

Tidewater Mill Co. (Tacoma); Lumber industry--Tacoma--1920-1930; Cargo ships--1920-1930;

Three men operating machinery at an Olympia sawmill in June of 1924. Photograph taken on behalf of Pacific Mutual Door Co. G75.1-025

Sawmills--Olympia; Machinery; Lumber industry--Olympia--1920-1930;

Small sheets of plywood are being loaded from an Olympia sawmill directly onto a Northern Pacific car by three men on June 12, 1924. These will be used by the Pacific Mutual Door Co. G75.1-023

Lumber industry--Olympia--1920-1930; Plywood; Sawmills--Olympia; Railroad freight cars--Olympia;

Linco Log & Lumber Co.; Yard engine. The versatility of the steam powered railroad was responsible for early advances in logging. By replacing animals as beasts of burden, they made it possible to harvest timber in the most inaccessible areas. During the 1920's, large scale locomotive operations flourished in the northwest. The system consisted of a main line with spurs, trackage that could be shifted constantly to follow the timber. With the aid of geared engines, such as the Shay locomotive, built from 1884-1945 by the Lima Locomotive Co., they could go into most mountainous areas despite the grade. The logs could then be "yarded," brought from the field into areas for shipment. (Labbe & Goe, Railroads in the Woods) G75.1-074; TPL-818

Linco Log & Lumber Co. (Lindberg); Lumber industry--1920-1930; Lumber camps--1920-1930; Railroad locomotives--1920-1930;

Side view of parked St. Paul & Tacoma Lumber Co. No. 1 truck filled with stacks of what may be plywood. This April, 1920, photograph may have been taken at the company's downtown Tacoma yard. As noted through the doorless truck, there was no driver at the wheel. G36.1-160

St. Paul & Tacoma Lumber Co. (Tacoma); Trucks--1920-1930;

St. Paul & Tacoma lumber yard. This November, 1920, progress photograph shows a fuel conveyor belt being constructed 24 feet above the ground at the St. Paul & Tacoma Lumber Co. Two 2 ton locomotive cranes are pictured lifting a 106 foot truss into place. The 641 foot long aerial belt will run from the mill to a point on the waterway directly across from the Consumers Central Heating Co. The conveyor belt will be used to transport the mill's waste wood, formed into logs. The fuel will be dumped on barges and carried across to the heating plant where it will be burned to supply heat to the city. The conveyor belt was all wood with the exception of the belt itself and the roller bearings. Parallel chord lattice was used for the entire length with the exception of street crossings where 106 foot span Belfast type lattice trusses were used. (TDL 1/9/1921, pg. 6) TPL-2047; G36.1-163

Lumber industry--Tacoma--1920-1930; St. Paul & Tacoma Lumber Co. (Tacoma); Belts & belting (Equipment); Fuel trade--Tacoma--1920-1930;

This elevated view of the Buffelen Lumber & Manufacturing Company, looking toward Tacoma across the Tideflats, was captured in November of 1921. The narrow bridge built on pilings is the old Hylebos Creek bridge. Located in the industrial Tideflats at Lincoln Ave. & Taylor Way, the sprawling Buffelen plant had been undergoing rapid expansion with the construction of a new warehouse in 1916 and a new power plant five years later. Other important improvements in 1921 included dry kilns and warehouses. Buffelen was organized in 1912 by John Buffelen primarily as a door manufacturer. In 1916 the company started to manufacture fir plywood. A small ad placed in the Tacoma Daily Ledger on 7-11-21 listed "fir doors, 3-ply panels, alder panels, sash, etc." as products manufactured by the firm which had offices in Minneapolis and Tacoma. (TDL- Ad 7-11-21, p. 7; Tacoma Sunday Ledger, 1-1-22, B-5-article)

Buffelen Lumber & Manufacturing Co. (Tacoma); Lumber industry--Tacoma--1920-1930; Hylebos Bridge (Tacoma);