Lincoln Heights War Housing. The exterior of one of the buildings with several automobiles and a delivery truck with signs for Lucky Lager, Rainier Beer and Double Cola signs parked in the parking lot. A sign for a barber shop hangs on the side of one of the doorways.

World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Tacoma; Housing--Tacoma--1940-1950; Lincoln Heights Housing Project (Tacoma);

On May 19, 1941, Fort Lewis troops have set up a field kitchen to feed the soldiers as they caravan from the Fort to California. They are travelling to the Hunter Liggett Reservation, halfway between San Francisco and Los Angeles, for war games. The first overnight stop was at Vancouver Barracks. Over 36,000 troops in all from the Fort are involved in the movement. 23,000 are travelling by road over two routes, a trip involving six days travel. 13,000 are travelling on 25 trains, each comprised of 14-17 cars, plus 53 freight cars of equipment, 10 flat cars and 11 stock cars carrying horses and mules. (T. Times 5/14/1941, pg 1)

World War, 1939-1945--Military mobilizations; Troop movements--1940-1950;

On May 19, 1941, 23,000 soldiers from Fort Lewis began a six day trip from Tacoma to California to participate in a large "war games" exercise. The members of the 161st Infantry erected a pup tent city at Vancouver Barracks, their first stop on the trip. A total of 36,000 troops from Tacoma were involved in the move, the equivalent of moving a complete small city. 23,000 soldiers travelled by caravan on two routes, departing on May 19-23, 1941. The remaining 13,000 officers and men travelled on 25 trains. The soldiers travelling on the roads took six days to reach their destination, travelling in the morning only and camping afternoon through evening. The war games lasted six weeks. (T. Times 5/14/1941, pg.1; 5/19/41, pg. 1; 5/20/41, pg. 1- photo)

World War, 1939-1945--Military mobilizations; Troop movements--1940-1950;

Girls on the corner of 10th and K Streets collecting aluminum for national salvage drive. In July and August of 1941, all of Tacoma, along with the rest of America, was collecting aluminum that could be melted down and used to build bombers. Overall Tacoma collected 9 tons of the precious metal. In the background is the Faith Temple, 1001 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, under construction. The building was built on a "pay as you go" basis and had only a small mortgage when dedicated November 15, 1942. (T. Times) [Also dated 07-29-1941]

World War, 1939-1945--Scrap drives; Aluminum; Flags--United States; World War, 1939-1945--Children--Tacoma; Faith Temple (Tacoma);

From July 21 to August 23, 1941, there was an aluminum drive in Tacoma-Pierce County to collect old aluminum for national defense. This group of unidentified, young scavengers, working at the corner of So. 10th and K St. (now Martin Luther King Jr. Way), has collected quite a pile of old pots and pans. The IGA and 20th Century stores in the Tacoma area offered war bonds as prizes for the most successful collectors. The chairman of the drive, Russell N. Anderson, declared that it takes 10,000 lbs. of aluminum to build one fighter plane. The building under construction in the background is the Faith Temple, 1001 Martin Luther King Jr. Way. It was dedicated on Nov. 15, 1942. (T. Times) [Also dated 07-29-1941]

World War, 1939-1945--Scrap drives; Aluminum; Flags--United States; World War, 1939-1945--Children--Tacoma; Faith Temple (Tacoma);

Two unidentified girls pause in their patriotic efforts for a snack in late July of 1941. The girls have set up a station on the corner of 10th and K Streets to collect salvaged aluminum for the city-wide Home Defense Corps aluminum drive that ran from July 21-29th. Although the United States would not enter WWll until Pearl Harbor, the government was ratcheting up national defense well before that December 7th day. The area was marked with a huge American flag. The metal wares from this site as well as others including the main bin at 9th & Broadway totaled over nine tons and was donated to the national committee to recycle into bombers. The building under construction in the background is the Faith Temple at 1001 Martin Luther King Jr. Way. The structure was built for $75,000 on a "pay as you go" basis. The building site is 50 X 117 feet and the concrete walls are 12 inches thick. (T. Times) [Also dated 07-29-1941] (T.Times 7-29-1941, p. 14-article on conclusion of aluminum drive)

World War, 1939-1945--Scrap drives; Aluminum; Flags--United States; World War, 1939-1945--Children--Tacoma; Faith Temple (Tacoma);

On July 23, 1941, Boy Scouts from Troop 42 (Larchmont) and Sea Scouts from the SSS Rainbow (McKinley Hill) debate how much muscle power is needed to heave the 50 lb. aluminum door into the collection enclosure. The high wire fence behind the boys, located in the 900 block of Broadway, was the central collection site for donations. The mountain of used aluminum would be donated to the national committee to be melted down and used to build airplanes. The door was a relic of an old submarine, scavenged from the scrap heap at the Bremerton Navy yard for use at Camp Hohobas on Hood Canal. Sea Scouts (in no particular order) Bud Christiansen, Arne Skaugset and Roy Ernsbarger helped toss the door over the wire. Music Box Theater in the background. (T. Times 7/25/1941, pg. 3)

World War, 1939-1945--Scrap drives; Boy Scouts of America, Troop 42 (Tacoma); Sea Scouts (Tacoma); Music Box Theatre (Tacoma); Aluminum;

A couple of Sea Scouts, from the SSS Rainbow- McKinley Hill area, give a 50 pound aluminum door the old heave-ho on July 23, 1941, tossing it into the area set aside in the 900 block of Broadway for scrap aluminum donations. The aluminum will be melted down and put to use building airplanes. Bud Christiansen, Arne Skaugset and Roy Ernsbarger helped toss the metal, a relic from an old submarine, over the wire. (T. Times 7/25/1941, pg. 3) TPL-9145

World War, 1939-1945--Scrap drives; Boy Scouts of America, Troop 42 (Tacoma); Sea Scouts (Tacoma); Music Box Theatre (Tacoma); Aluminum;

On July 23, 1941, Cole E. Oliver and Russell N. Anderson shook hands, cementing the donation of the venerable Pierce Arrow pictured to be melted down into aluminum for the manufacture of bombers. Mr. Oliver had originally purchased the Pierce Arrow as an ambulance for his company, Oliver Taxi and Ambulance Co. Mr. Anderson, chairman of the Aluminum Drive Committee, was hoping to get 1,000 pounds of the precious metal from the vehicle. Pictured around the old ambulance, left to right, were Kenny Johnson, William E. Erickson, Cole Oliver, Russell Anderson and Tommy Burns. The city wide aluminum drive was scheduled for July 21-29th. (T. Times 7/23/1941, pg. 3)

World War, 1939-1945--Scrap drives; Pierce Arrow automobile; Oliver, Cole; Erickson, William; Anderson, Russell N.; Burns, Tommy; Johnson, Kenny;

This venerable Pierce Arrow rolled up to the defense metal "corral" at 9th and Broadway on July 23, 1941 and was donated to Tacoma's aluminum drive by Cole E. Oliver, owner of Oliver Taxi and Ambulance Company, and William E. Erickson, who worked with him. The vehicle was purchased as an ambulance and at its prime was valued at $9,000. Aluminum Drive Chairman Russell N. Anderson hoped to get 1,000 pounds of the metal out of the car, which was made almost entirely of aluminum. Pictured around the vehicle, left to right, are Cole E. Oliver, Tommy Burns, Kenny Johnson, William Erickson, Police Officer Ross Mowre and Russell Anderson. In the background is the Music Box Theater, 902-14 Broadway, showing Clark Gable and Rosalind Russell in "They Met in Bombay." For several years in the early to mid-1920s the Pierce Arrow was manufactured with bodies cast of aluminum. This appears to be a 1926 Model 80 4-door sedan. (T. Times 7/23/1941, pg. 3)

World War, 1939-1945--Scrap drives; Pierce Arrow automobile; Oliver, Cole; Erickson, William; Anderson, Russell N.; Burns, Tommy; Johnson, Kenny; Mowre, Ross; Music Box Theatre (Tacoma);

Mrs. Anna Eicholz, left, shades her eyes, watching for a response to the message sent by her signal flags. The woman in the center appears to be grading the member of the Women's Emergency Motor Corps, while the woman on the right looks for a response through her binoculars. Signalling, technically called semaphoring, was only one of the skills being taught to the female volunteers by their Army sergeant trainer. The women were part of the Home Defense Corps, ready to serve in case of an emergency. (T. Times 5/6/1941, pg. 1)

World War, 1939-1945--Women--Tacoma; World War, 1939-1945--Civil defense--Tacoma; First aid--Tacoma--1940-1950; Women's Emergency Motor Corps (Tacoma);

The Tacoma Women's Emergency Motor Corps holds a training session at the Woodbrook Hunt Club. Capt. Iris Bryan, left, and Lt. Minnie Wingfield hold a serious discussion over first aid to be offered to a "patient." After the founder of the group, "Colonel" Harriet Virginia was charged with Grand Larceny, members elected Iris Bryan Captain of the unit. She continued to guide the 30 female members, overseeing their training and making them an auxiliary to the Home Defense Corps, ready to serve in an emergency. The group studied emergency transportation, first aid, Morse code, semaphore, motor mechanics, map reading and portable communications. (T.Times 5/6/1941, pg. 1) (photo copy donated by Faye Langston)

World War, 1939-1945--Women--Tacoma; World War, 1939-1945--Civil defense--Tacoma; First aid--Tacoma--1940-1950; Women's Emergency Motor Corps (Tacoma); Bryan, Iris; Wingfield, Minnie;

Mr. and Mrs. George Hellyer open their home in Interlaaken to their English friend's children for the duration of the European War. Pictured standing in the rear are Mr. and Mrs. George Hellyer flanking their friend Mrs. Robert Schlee. The children are, center row left to right, Nicholas Schlee and Marian Hellyer; bottom row left to right, Sandy Schlee and Harold Hellyer. Hundreds of English children had been sent to the U.S. to escape the German bombing of their own country. These boys are the first to come to Tacoma. They are also some of the last to leave England as the English government has forbidden future sailings of English children. Mrs. Schlee will return home to England. (T. Times 10/26/1940, pg. 1)

World War, 1939-1945--Children--Tacoma; Hellyer, George--Family; Schlee, Robert--Family;

Four children play joyously on the swings, however two of these children are seeking refuge in the United States from the German bombing of England. English schoolboys Nicholas and Sandy Schlee arrived October 24, 1940 with their mother from England. Their mother will return home but the boys will remain at the home of Mr. and Mrs. George Hellyer for the duration of the war. Pictured, left to right, are Marian Hellyer (8), Sandy Schlee (9), Harold Hellyer (seated, 6) and Nicholas Schlee (10). The boys are thrilled to be in Tacoma, not for the reasons that you think, but because they hear that the fishing is great! The excited anglers will attend Park Lodge school. They are the first, and probably the last, refugee children to arrive in Tacoma. The English government had recently forbidden all sailings of children. (T. Times 10/26/1940, pg.1)

World War, 1939-1945--Children--Tacoma; Hellyer, Marian; Schlee, Sandy; Hellyer, Harold; Schlee, Nicholas;

On September 7, 1942, over 8,000 people gathered in downtown Tacoma for the dedication of the modernistic Liberty Center at 1000 Pacific Ave. The outdoor theater was designed by Herbert Bell, architect, and was intended to serve as a stage for bond sales. In November of 1942, it was moved to 800 Broadway to improve the flow of traffic to and from the shipyards.

War bonds & funds--Tacoma--1940-1950; World War, 1939-1945--Economic aspects of war--Tacoma;

A crowd of over 8, 000 gathers at the corner of 10th and Pacific for the September 7, 1942 dedication of the Liberty Center, at 1000 Pacific Ave. On hand for the festivities were actors Adolph Menjou, Walter Pidgeon and Joan Leslie.

War bonds & funds--Tacoma--1940-1950; World War, 1939-1945--Economic aspects of war--Tacoma;

Mrs. R.H. Pugh, left, purchased a war bond from Esther (Mrs.Clinton) Beal at the Rhodes Bro. annex on July 3, 1942. Mrs. Pugh was currently residing in Tacoma. On December 7th, she had been living with her husband, an 27 year veteran of the Army, in Hawaii at Schofield Barracks. She witnessed the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Lying on the counter in the background between the two women is a piece of a Japanese plane that she saw shot down during the raid. (T. Times 7/6/1942, pg. 2)

War bonds & funds; World War, 1939-1945--Economic aspects of war--Tacoma; Beal, Esther;

On July 3, 1942, Mrs. R.H. Pugh, left, purchased a war bond from Esther (Mrs. Clinton) Beal at the Rhodes Brothers Annex during the Retail War Bond Sales Drive. Mrs. Pugh witnessed the December 7th attack on Hawaii by the Japanese. She showed Mrs. Beal one of her most precious mementos, a piece of a Japanese plane that she saw shot down during the raid. The metal was painted bright red, once part of the rising sun insignia on the plane. At the time of the raid, Mrs. Pugh was living with her husband, a 27 year veteran Army Sergeant, in a cottage at Schofield Barracks. (T. Times 7/6/1942, pg. 2)

War bonds & funds; World War, 1939-1945--Economic aspects of war--Tacoma; Beal, Esther;

On January 13, 1980, Tacoma participated in the Pacific Northwest's first unexploded bomb drill. A "bomb" was found in each of Tacoma's eight civil defense zones and Army bomb disposal units and Public Works decontamination units were required to render them harmless. Here wardens inspect fragments of the unexploded 500 lb. bomb around the "crater" that it made at 9th and Broadway, in front of the Winthrop Hotel. (T. Times 1/14/1943, pg. 1)

World War, 1939-1945--Civil defense--Tacoma;

Aircraft spotters' shack at Browns Point. Built on a hill between Browns and Dash points, Crestview Tower commanded a sweeping view of the Puget Sound area around Tacoma harbor. It was formally dedicated and turned over to the Army October 29, 1942 as part of the aircraft warning service.

World War, 1939-1945--Civil defense--Tacoma; Observation towers;

In June of 1942, soldiers bow their heads in prayer before eating Sunday breakfast at the home of James and Zelma Garvin, 10 Mare Vista Terrace. The Garvins had also housed the soldiers over the Saturday night. The couple was responding the the call for overnight housing for soldiers in Tacoma on weekend leave with no place to stay. (TNT 7/5/1942, pg. 1)

World War, 1939-1945--Military life--Tacoma; Garvin, James--Homes & haunts;

In June of 1942, several soldiers prepare to enjoy a Sunday morning breakfast at the home of James and Zelma Garvin, 10 Mare Vista Terrace. The soldiers have been the overnight guests of the couple in a makeshift dormitory set up in the rec room. Fort Lewis and McChord were brimming with increased wartime personnel. Thousands of these soldiers would pour into Tacoma on the weekend, with no hope of finding anyplace to sleep overnight. Weekend housing was offered at several of the larger homes, as well as at area churches and the Tacoma Mission. (TNT 7/5/1942, pg. 1) TPL-10330

World War, 1939-1945--Military life--Tacoma; Garvin, James--Homes & haunts;

Donation by fishermen of rubber tires used as bumpers on their boats. Port Piers. (T. Times)

World War, 1939-1945--Scrap drives;

In July of 1942, the "Gallant Lady II" made weekly pleasure cruises, taking out a full load of servicemen and USO junior hostesses for an evening of cruising and dancing under the stars.

World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--Tacoma; United Service Organizations (Tacoma);

Publicity for Community Chest. Open House at South Tacoma U.S.O. One uniformed military man appears to be sanding a long piece of wood. The other man holds one that is already sanded and sharpened and a pouch of arrows. The long pieces of wood may possibly be for fashioning into bows.

World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--Tacoma; United Service Organizations (Tacoma);

Several service men were photographed in January of 1943 leaving the USO building at 13th and Fawcett carrying skiing gear. They were on their way to Mount Rainier for a day of winter recreation. The women in the photograph may have been USO hostesses. This building is now the home of the Beacon Senior Center.

World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--Tacoma; USO clubs (Tacoma)--1940-1950; Military personnel--Tacoma--1940-1950; Skiers;

Despite wartime rationing, service men on leave could stop by the USO Club at 415 South 13th Street and get a soda fountain treat prepared by on of the Junior Hostess volunteers who worked behind the counter. In December of 1942 Jean Beardemphl (2nd from right) practiced her sundae making techniques with E. Barlow standing at her side. Junior hostess volunteers kept the fountain open 65 hours a week. Learning how to make concoctions despite the shortages of ice cream and sugar are: (left to right) Mary Jasper, Catherine Dougherty, Reh Robinson, Anne Pirger, Janet Picard, Eileen Fletcher, Marion Bartley, and Elaine Maurice. (TNT 1/6/1943, pg. 7) TPL-1998

World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--Tacoma; USO clubs (Tacoma)--1940-1950; Soda fountains--Tacoma--1940-1950; Ice cream & ices;

A group of union and city officials gather on September 18, 1942 to light the new outdoor fireplace outside of the South Tacoma USO Club. The fireplace was being formally dedicated. It was built of donated time, materials and labor. Pictured left to right are Paul Lucht, John Meyers, serviceman Phillip K. Pohl. Kneeling on right- Nick Feldman Jr., A.J. Cecchi, John Lewtas. Standing behind- George Haggerty, John McClintock, F.E. Lehman and C.E. Rudd. (TNT 9/21/1942, pg. 5)

World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--Tacoma; USO clubs (Tacoma)--1940-1950; United Service Organizations (Tacoma); Fireplaces--Tacoma;

Flag raising at the South Tacoma USO, 4851 South Tacoma Way, in July of 1942.

World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--Tacoma; USO clubs (Tacoma)--1940-1950; United Service Organizations (Tacoma); Flags; Flagpoles;

The flag is raised by visiting servicemen at the South Tacoma USO, 4851 South Tacoma Way, on July 22, 1942. Publicity photo for Community Chest.

World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--Tacoma; USO clubs (Tacoma)--1940-1950; United Service Organizations (Tacoma); Flags; Flagpoles;