Boiler at Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing plant.

Industrial facilities--Tacoma--1940-1950; Chemical industry--Tacoma--1940-1950; Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Co. of Washington (Tacoma); Boilers;

New fence around Air Reduction Company and old Peterman Manufacturing Company fence. In May of 1942, construction was begun on the Air Reduction Company, an oxygen manufacturing company, located at 702 Alexander Ave. Peterman Manufacturing had been located at 600 Alexander Ave. but in June of 1942 they moved to Garibaldi, Oregon. Their location had been taken over by the government for expansion of the Seattle-Tacoma Shipbuilding Co., 100 Alexander Ave. The expansion was needed due to the increase of wartime contracts during World War II. Oxygen gas was used in large quantities for cutting steel plates in ship building and was also used in welding. The Air Reduction plant was able to support the war effort by producing the chemical necessary for building government vessels, and making it available locally.

Factories--Tacoma; Air Reduction Sales Co. (Tacoma); Peterman Manufacturing Co. (Tacoma);

Lg. belt drive in Tacoma oxygen plant, Air Reduction Sales Co., Neg No. ARS-64

Factories--Tacoma; Air Reduction Sales Co. (Tacoma);

Independent Insulation, Inc., exterior of plant. Independent Insulation produced rock wool as insulation for factories and homes. Rock was poured in at one end of the production line and it came out as rock wool at the other end. Three kinds of rock; copper slag from the Tacoma smelter, quartz silica and basalt, with limestone added as a flux, were layered with coke, and heated to 2,600 degrees farenheit. The molten stream which flowed off was broken up by live steam under pressure. (TNT 3/22/1946; 3/30/1947)

Factories--Fife--1940-1950; Independent Insulation, Inc. (Fife);

Independent Insulation Inc. of Fife produced rock wool to be used for insulation in factories and homes. Three kinds of rock - copper slag from the Tacoma smelter, quartz silica, ands basalt - were layered with coke and limestone, as a flux, and heated to 2,600 degrees Fahrenheit. Once molten the rock was combined under pressure with live steam; it shot out of a man-made volcano and into a long blowing chamber. The rock emerges from the furnace in molten globulets and the speed at which it is cooled creates its thread-like texture. (TNT 3/22/1946; 3/30/1947)

Factories--Fife--1940-1950; Independent Insulation, Inc. (Fife);

Air Reduction Sales interior of plant. In 1942 Air Reduction Sales Co. opened up a oxygen gas production plant. Oxygen gas is used in large quantities for cutting steel plates in ship building and it is also used in welding. The plant will be able to support the war effort by producing the chemical necessary for government vessels, and making it available locally.

Factories--Tacoma; Machinery; Storage tanks--Tacoma; Air Reduction Sales Co. (Tacoma);

Machinery at Cammarano Brothers bottling company, Phillip Cammarano. The Cammarano Brothers were bottlers of beer and other carbonated beverages. Four brothers owned and operated the facility, Phillip J., James J., and William B., and Edward J. Cammarano.

Bottling industry--Tacoma--1940-1950; Cammarano Bros. (Tacoma);

This aerial view of the "head of the bay" (the south end of the Foss Waterway) shows the Tacoma Boat Building Company and the Reliance Lumber company (to the right) as they appeared in March of 1947. The Northern Pacific Railroad roundhouse can be seen at 2211 East D Street, just above Tacoma Boat. Tacoma Boat were the exclusive designers and manufacturers of "Northern Dragger" winches, "North" purse seine winches, "Northern" anchor winches and "Northern" purse seine and dandelion blocks. They built wood and steel trollers, purse seiners and tuna clippers. (T. Times, 2/26/47, p. 9-B).

Industrial facilities--Tacoma; Boat & ship industry--Tacoma--1940-1950; Tacoma Boat Building Co., Inc. (Tacoma); Northern Pacific Railway Co. (Tacoma); Railroad roundhouses--Tacoma; Aerial photographs;

Pacific Carbide exterior and interior for record. On March 4, 1944 E. F. Goodner of Pacific Carbide & Alloys Co. announced that the plant would close down for an indefinite amount of time. The plant employed 65 people. Exterior view of plant.

Coke industry--Tacoma; Pacific Carbide & Alloys Co. (Tacoma);

Coke plant interior and exterior for Wilkeson Products. The Wilkeson Products Coke plant is an affiliate of the St. Paul and Tacoma Lumber Company and only uses Wilkeson coal, the only coking coal in Washington. TPL-7988

Coke industry--Tacoma; Wilkeson Co. (Tacoma);

Series of Wilkeson Products interior and exterior mine photographs. Jim "Corkie" Kelly, miner's lamp shining, was pictured at the working face of the Wilkeson Products mine on March 18, 1944. The ladder to the right accessed a chute which was being driven up the coal seam. The large heavy sawn timbers held up the roof above Mr. Kelly's head. The Wilkeson Products mine had a short life span of less than two years. The U.S. government had pumped in money to support the coal industry during WWll with the intention of helping the war effort. The mine was built in 1943 using the best construction and equipment possible but was only able to produce 54,000 tons of coal. Two miners, Jack Cloves Smith and Harold E. Barber, lost their lives at the mine. (Kombol, Bill, "When Coal Was King," Voice of the Valley, p. 5, 1-3-2012) TPL-6618

Coke industry--Wilkeson; Coal mining--Wilkeson; Coal miners--Wilkeson; Wilkeson Coal & Coke Co. (Wilkeson); Kelly, Jim; World War, 1939-1945--Economic & industrial aspects--Wilkeson;

Wilkeson Products interior and exterior of mine. In 1888 Wilkeson Coal & Coke Co. began producing the best grade of coke available in the West. Wilkeson Co. mine employed 200 employees, they lived with their families in Wilkeson, Washington, a small mining town in eastern Pierce County. View of filled coal cars at Wilkeson Coal & Coke Co. TPL-6615

Coke industry--Wilkeson; Coal mining--Wilkeson; Wilkeson Coal & Coke Co. (Wilkeson);

Wilkeson Products interior and exterior of mine and coke plant. Wilkeson Coal & Coke Co. had the largest coal and coke mine in the State of Washington. They were one of the only completely electrified mining plants in the world, and always had the most modern machinery available. (previously numbered G75.1 image 142)

Coke industry--Wilkeson; Coal mining--Wilkeson; Wilkeson Coal & Coke Co. (Wilkeson);

Aerial view of Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Company. The Tacoma plant covers nearly 40 acres of tideflats on the Hylebos waterway. This location was chosen in 1929 because of favorable electric power rates, availability and quality of water, access to water, rail and motor transportation and its central location for its principal customers, the pulp and paper mills. The name of the corporation was changed to Pennwalt Corp. prior to the merger of Pennsalt and Wallace & Tierman, Inc. (TNT, 11/29/1968)

Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Co. of Washington (Tacoma); Factories--Tacoma--1940-1950; Chemical industry--Tacoma--1940-1950; Hylebos Waterway (Tacoma); Waterfronts--Tacoma--1940-1950;

Air Reduction Sales Co., an oxygen producer. Four tanks, two smaller than the others, stand side-by-side. Shut-off valves, faucets, pipes, guages and a hose are attached to the tanks. The smallest pipes lead through the floor to another location.

Air Reduction Sales Co. (Tacoma); Factories--Tacoma;

Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Company of Washington celebrated its parent firm's 100th anniversary. Photographs and products are displayed for guests to view during the open house held in the Tacoma plant. (TNT 8-6-50, A-9) TPL-6575

Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Co. of Washington (Tacoma); Chemical industry--Tacoma--1950-1960;

Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Company of Washington celebrated its parent firm's 100th anniversary. Information about the company's processes was presented on large display boards. (TNT 8-6-50, A-9) TPL-6576

Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Co. of Washington (Tacoma); Chemical industry--Tacoma--1950-1960;

Little girls, dressed in their finery, stroll into the Pennsalt open house on August 8, 1950. They are accompanied by Marie Wood, in black, who is the wife of chief Pennsalt chemist, Davis M. Wood. The Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Company of Washington is helping to celebrate its parent company's 100th anniversary.

Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Co. of Washington (Tacoma); Pennsalt (Tacoma); Chemical industry--Tacoma--1950-1960;

Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Company of Washington held an open house on August 8, 1950, to help celebrate Pennsalt, its parent firm's, 100th anniversary. Visitors could walk through the 40 acre plant and view displays of Pennsalt's history and product development. This photograph shows notebooks indicating new products developed through Pennsalt's research and development laboratories which include complex fluorides and sulfur hexafluorides. Despite its name, Pennsalt does not manufacture common salt; it produces a multitude of chemical products from raw salt.

Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Co. of Washington (Tacoma); Pennsalt (Tacoma); Chemical industry--Tacoma--1950-1960;

Al's Food Center (Al's Food Market) was built with concrete block. Double swinging doors open at the front of the building. Large windows display neon signs for Medosweet Ice Cream and Rainier Beer. Campbell's Tomato Soup is available for 10 cents a can and Nalley's Tang sells for 33 cents. Seed packets are displayed outside on either side of the doors. Ordered by Holroyd Company.

Concrete products industry--Tacoma; Holroyd Co. (Tacoma); Building materials; Concrete--Tacoma--1950-1960; Al's Food Market (Tacoma);

Ordered by Holroyd Company. A two-story, single family residence has been built into a hillside and uses two levels of retaining walls built of concrete block in the front. Poured concrete steps lead to the front entrance on the upper level. Large picture windows are featured on the front of the house which has been designed with a broken line along the facade. A flat roof has been chosen for the modern design. A one-car garage has been included in the lower level.

Concrete products industry--Tacoma; Holroyd Co. (Tacoma); Houses--Tacoma--1950-1960; Building materials; Concrete--Tacoma--1950-1960;

Ordered by Holroyd Company. A one-story, single family home has been built in the popular rambler style using concrete block. The front of the home shows a U-shaped design with the front entrance in the interior of the U. A portion of the front of the house between the two-car, attached garage and the entry has been faced with brick. The home has been set in front of large fir trees.

Concrete products industry--Tacoma; Holroyd Co. (Tacoma); Houses--Tacoma--1950-1960; Building materials; Concrete--Tacoma--1950-1960;

Ordered by Holroyd Company. A single-family residence has been built using concrete block. This angle shows the upper level of the two-story home built into a sloping hillside. An automobile can be seen parked in the one-car garage. A glimpse of Puget Sound can be seen on the right.

Concrete products industry--Tacoma; Holroyd Co. (Tacoma); Houses--Tacoma--1950-1960; Building materials; Concrete--Tacoma--1950-1960;

An extra-long one-car garage has been added to the lower level of a two story home. The garage was built using concrete block and a chimney also built of concrete block emerges from the roof. The lower floor of the house behind was built of concrete block while the upper floor has been faced with clapboards. A television antenna and brick chimney emerge from the roof of the house. Ordered by Holroyd Company.

Concrete products industry--Tacoma; Holroyd Co. (Tacoma); Houses--Tacoma--1950-1960; Building materials; Concrete--Tacoma--1950-1960;

The exterior of the Griffin Wheel Company plant, 5202 So. Proctor St. The company manufactured wheels for freight cars. Hundreds of these wheels are lined up to the right of the photo.

Industry--Tacoma--1950-1960; Griffin Wheel Co. (Tacoma); Wheels;

Exterior view of the City of Tacoma, Municipal Plant & Shops; a $50,000 remodeling job had just been completed. The work space on the second floor was doubled and a concrete ramp which provides access to the old and new rooms was constructed. This municipal department will help keep city vehicles maintained, and provide speedy service when it is needed (T.N.T., 9/4/49, p. A-8).

Industrial facilities--Tacoma; Maintenance & repair--Tacoma; Workshops--Tacoma--1940-1950; Municipal government--Tacoma--1940-1950; Tacoma Municipal Plant & Shop;

Pioneer Sand and Gravel Company distributed their products throughout the Pacific Northwest. Interior view of industrial facilities at Pioneer's gravel pit in Steilacoom; an unidentified laborer, is monitoring the gravel going through a machine, the gravel is being processed and will then be shipped to the Seattle business site, or to the company's customers.

Industry--Steilacoom; Industrial facilities--Steilacoom; Equipment; Machinery; Industrial productivity--Steilacoom; Laborers--Steilacoom--1940-1950; Sandstone quarrying--Steilacoom; Pioneer Sand & Gravel Co. (Steilacoom);

Pioneer Sand and Gravel Company officers were: Gordon N. Scott, President; Nels E. Johanson, Vice-President; Claude L. Golding, Vice-President; Vance S. Tjossem, Vice-President; and Kenneth A. Stotler, Secretary-Treasurer. View of Pioneer No. 17 barge, loaded up with gravel from the Steilacoom gravel pit; machinery in background is pouring the gravel into the barge; gravel pit view on right side.

Industry--Steilacoom; Industrial facilities--Steilacoom; Equipment; Pulleys; Machinery; Barges--Steilacoom; Shipping--Steilacoom; Sandstone quarrying--Steilacoom; Pioneer Sand & Gravel Co. (Steilacoom);

View of Pioneer Sand and Gravel Company's Pioneer No. 16 barge being loaded up with gravel from the Steilacoom gravel pit; a machine is pouring the gravel into the barge, an unidentified laborer is standing by a small office area in background; view of beautiful Puget Sound in background.

Industry--Steilacoom; Industrial facilities--Steilacoom; Equipment; Pulleys; Machinery; Barges--Steilacoom; Shipping--Steilacoom; Sandstone quarrying--Steilacoom; Pioneer Sand & Gravel Co. (Steilacoom);

Pioneer Sand and Gravel Company had their offices in Seattle, at 901 Fairview Avenue North. The company specialized in sand, gravel, building materials and "Tru-Mix" concrete; they had a gravel pit located in Steilacoom. View of Pioneer Sand and Gravel Company's "Seattle" tugboat towing both Pioneer No. 16 and No. 17 barges; they are loaded up with gravel from the Steilacoom gravel pit; view of gravel pit on left side and beautiful Puget Sound.

Industry--Steilacoom; Tugboats--Steilacoom; Towing--Steilacoom; Barges--Steilacoom; Shipping--Steilacoom; Sandstone quarrying--Steilacoom; Puget Sound (Wash.); Pioneer Sand & Gravel Co. (Steilacoom);