ca. 1913. This photograph of the Eggers Fish Co., located at the City Dock at the foot of South 15th St., was taken circa 1913. The company had previously been known as the American Fish Co. which had long been operated by Theodore F. Eggers. By the 1913 City Directory, its listing had been changed from American Fish to Eggers Fish, "Successor to American Fish Co." Mr. Eggers remained as president/manager. The group of people in front of the store are probably employees. The horse-drawn cart was probably used for deliveries.

Eggers Fish Co. (Tacoma); Seafood stores--Tacoma; Carts & wagons--Tacoma--1910-1920;

ca. 1913. This is the newly built Central School, 601 South 8th St., circa 1913. Located on the site of the former Washington College and Tacoma High School, it replaced the original 12-room wooden structure with 90-foot belltower at South 11th & "G" Sts. The former Central School had opened in 1883 serving grades one through eighth. On September 13, 1913, the new Central School opened under the guidance of principal George Stanley. 1000 elementary students moved into the grand $165,000 building at South 8th & Tacoma Avenue South. Walker Cut Stone Co. furnished the stonework on the multi-storied structure which had windows commanding splendid views of Mount Tahoma (Rainier). Generations of Tacomans were educated at Central School until the end of the 1967-68 school year when the building was converted to Tacoma School District's administrative offices. (Olsen: For the Record, p. 47-48, alt. photographs)

Central School (Tacoma); Public schools--Tacoma--1910-1920;

ca. 1913. This is Hawthorne School shortly after opening in September of 1913. The entire population of the elementary school is lined up in front of the imposing building with Jessie Lithgow near the far right. Jessie's face has been circled and an arrow pointed toward the head. Hawthorne School was the first school in the Northwest with a German plan assembly hall. It had originated as East School in 1885 in temporary classrooms at a former store at South 24th & Pacific Ave. A new two-room building was constructed at East D & 31st streets in 1886 and classes were held with only one teacher. A six-room addition was authorized in 1889 by the school board and the school renamed Hawthorne after author Nathaniel Hawthorne. Enrollment grew with the admittance of Puyallup Indian Tribal children in 1896 and by 1904 Hawthorne was the school district's third largest school after Central and Lowell. When other schools were built in the eastern and southern parts of the city enrollment started to decline at Hawthorne in 1908. Nonetheless, a new Hawthorne School was built in 1913 at 28th & East F Sts. It held 438 students and four teachers, much smaller than Hawthorne in 1905 when enrollment reached 1,305 students. Hawthorne closed in 1963 and later the building housed early childhood education programs. For a few short years it was the Puyallup Indian Tribe's Chief Leschi School. The school was razed in June of 1981 to make way for the Tacoma Dome. (Olsen: For the Record, p. 53-54-article & various photographs)

Hawthorne School (Tacoma); Public schools--Tacoma--1910-1920; School children--Tacoma--1910-1920;

ca. 1913. The cornerstone for Lincoln Park High School in Tacoma was laid on Labor Day September 1, 1913, and it opened on August 31, 1914. The Patriotic Sons of America petitioned the school board to change the school's name, and in 1917 it officially became Lincoln High School. That same year the first edition of the school publication "The Lincolnian" was published; from 1914 through 1916 Stadium H.S. and Lincoln Park H.S. shared "The Tahoma" as a joint monthly journal and yearbook. Enrollment the first year was 850 students, of whom 100 were seniors.

Lincoln High School (Tacoma);

ca. 1913. A crowd estimated at 10,000 cheered on February 15, 1913 when Miss Enola McIntyre christened Tacoma's new 11th Street bridge by smashing a quart bottle of champagne against one of its shiny, black steel girders. Speakers at the official opening for the $600,000 vertical lift bridge included Governor Ernest Lister and Mayor W.W. Seymour. A 20 piece band kept the crowd in high spirits, and souvenir postcards bearing pictures of both the new bridge and its predecessor were handed out to all. The huge 2,100 foot steel bridge made the Tideflats more accessible, connecting it to the downtown business district, and allowed taller and larger ships access to the south end of the city waterway. In 1997 the bridge was officially renamed the Murray Morgan Bridge to honor the local author and historian of that name. TPL-1792

Bridges--Tacoma; 11th Street Bridge (Tacoma);

ca. 1913. This photograph from July, 1913 shows the Engine Company No. 1 fire station at 209-211 Saint Helens Avenue. The bunting and other decorations on the station appear to be for the Montamara Festo which was held in Tacoma over the 4th of July holiday every year from 1912 to 1922. The highlight of the festival was a series of automobile races held at a race track close to the present Clover Park Vocational Center. The two fire trucks framed by the open station doors are a Seagrave combination hose and chemical wagon on the left, and a 1907 Seagrave, 75 foot aerial truck, Tacoma's first motorized fire truck, on the right. Above the doors can be seen a model Fiat racing car being driven by "Tige", the mascot of the Tacoma Tigers. "Tige" was created by cartoonist Edward "Tige" Reynolds when he worked as an editorial cartoonist for the Tacoma Daily Ledger.

Tacoma Fire Department (Tacoma); Fire stations--Tacoma--1910-1920; Murals--Tacoma;

On May 31, 1914, a guest was photographed posing in front of the Park Hotel, 802 A St. The Park was built in 1908 from a design by Heath and Twichell, architects. It was built of concrete. The building stood at the intersection of South 8th and A St. for almost 70 years before falling victim to the wrecker's ball. (photograph courtesy of the Tom Stenger collection)

Hotels--Tacoma; Park Hotel (Tacoma); Concrete construction;

This photograph was taken May 31, 1914 of the, left to right, Union Motor Co. (808-10 A St.), the I.M. Larsen Awning & Tent Factory (804-06 A St.) and the Park Hotel (802 A St.) The entire block was demolished in 1977 to make way for a parking lot. (photograph courtesy of the Tom Stenger collection)

Hotels--Tacoma; Park Hotel (Tacoma); Union Motor Co. (Tacoma); I.M. Larsen Awning & Tent Factory (Tacoma);

The stands look a little empty for the start of the July 3, 1914, InterCity 100-mile race at the Tacoma Speedway. Drivers and their accompanying "mechanicians" are lined up in their race cars two abreast. These included at front: Tacoma driver Jack Croston in car #1, a Chevrolet; #2 -believed to be Barnes in his Romano; #5 -Joe Thomas in his Mercer; #26 - N. Latta of Seattle in his Lozier. This particular race was restricted to cars from Pacific Northwest cities. Total prize money was $1500 with first place winner Jim Parsons getting the lion's share of $750. Mr. Parsons, of Seattle, had won the event for the second straight year. TPL-5697;

Croston, Jack A.; Thomas, Joe; Tacoma Speedway (Lakewood); Racetracks--Lakewood--1910-1920; Automobile racing--Lakewood--1910-1920; Chevrolet automobile; Mercer automobile; Lozier automobile; Romano automobile;

On July 3, 1914, Jim Parsons and his mechanic W. Ogden won the Intercity 100 mile race at the Tacoma Speedway in their Frantz racer, repeating their victory of the previous year. The winning time was 1:21:29 with an average speed of 73.6 mph. The Intercity allowed only car entries from cities in Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Montana and British Columbia. Parsons was from Seattle. A total of 12 cars were entered in the race. Parsons won the race, but the most publicity went to 2nd place finisher S.F. Brock. On July 2nd, Brock and his mechanic N.E. "Nervy" Green ran down and killed spectator R.C. Pollock who was attempting to cross the track. The Wright race car flipped, injuring the pair, and severely damaging the car. The pair worked into the night getting the car back into racing condition and received a standing ovation when they finished second. In addition to picking up the InterCity honors, Jim Parsons may have also gotten a little something extra from the City of Tacoma: a possible speeding ticket. He was caught traveling 60 mph on South Tacoma Blvd. on Friday, June 26th. According to the June 27th News Tribune, the case was postponed in police court until Monday, June 29th, but no further information was provided. (T. Tribune 7/3/1914, pg.1; 7/2/14, pg. 1)

Tacoma Speedway (Lakewood); Racetracks--Lakewood--1910-1920; Automobile racing--Lakewood--1910-1920; Parsons, Jim; Ogden, W.; Automobile racing drivers;

Exhaust fills the air as the speed kings prepare to race at the Tacoma Speedway. The InterCity 100-mile and Golden Potlatch 200-mile races were both run on the same day, July 3, 1914. This is believed to be the start of the Golden Potlatch with Californian Billy Taylor in his #12 Alco and "Terrible Teddy" Tetzlaff in his #3 Maxwell side-by-side and Jim Parsons of Seattle in his #7 Frantz directly behind the Maxwell. None of the three would win the race. Another Maxwell driver, Englishman Hughie Hughes, won the $1500 first place award with Art Klein in his King and Earl Cooper (the previous year's winner) in his Stutz coming in second and third. Mr. Hughes averaged 74.28 mph while beating Mr. Klein by 6 2/5th seconds. Mr. Parsons would finish in sixth place and Mr. Taylor in eighth. If the track looks a bit oily, it probably was. According to a Standard Oil Bulletin, some 1331 barrels of Richmond road oil were used on the two-mile track. (TDL 7-4-14, p. 1-results; Standard Oil Bulletin, Vol. 3, ca. 1915)

Tacoma Speedway (Lakewood); Racetracks--Lakewood--1910-1920; Automobile racing--Lakewood--1910-1920; Racing automobiles--1910-1920; Taylor, Billy; Tetzlaff, Teddy; Parsons, Jim; Alco automobile; Maxwell automobile; Frantz automobile;

Joe Thomas of Seattle attempts to pass Jim Parsons' #7 car, a Frantz, during the July 3, 1914, InterCity 100-mile race at Tacoma Speedway. Mr. Parsons would hold off Mr. Thomas' Mercer to win the race and the $750 first place prize money for the second consecutive year. Last year he rode to victory in a veteran Stutz. In 1914 his time was faster by 14 minutes and he made only one stop to change a rear tire. TPL-3167 (TDN 7-3-14, p. 1-article; TDL 7-4-14, p. 9-article)

Parsons, Jim; Tacoma Speedway (Lakewood); Racetracks--Lakewood--1910-1920; Automobile racing--Lakewood--1910-1920; Thomas, Joe;

On July 6, 1914, the South Tacoma Tigers amateur baseball team members were photographed at an unidentified outdoor location. Back row, left to right were: Ole Rynning, Orville Eley, Oscar "Ocky" Jensen, Harry Vawter, Bert Schumacker (sp), and Ed Woods. Front row, left to right: Earnest Christian, Jack Farrell, manager Walter Holmberg (in suit), Leo Christian and Eddie McTighe. The South Tacoma Tigers represented the West Coast in the Amateur Baseball Championship of the world in 1915, the year after this photograph was taken. (Gallacci, Blau: Playground to the Pros, p. 78-79)

Baseball--Tacoma--1910-1920; Baseball players--Tacoma--1910-1920; Holmberg, Walter; Rynning, Ole; Eley, Orville; Jensen, Oscar; Vawter, Harry; Woods, Ed; Christian, Earnest; Farrell, Jack; Christian, Leo; McTighe, Eddie;

Race car driver Grover Ruckstell and his mechanic "Quicksell" after the pair came in second at the July 4, 1914 Montamarathon driving the #16 yellow Mercer. Winner and defending champion Earl Cooper picked up $2500 for his efforts while G.E. Ruckstell (often misspelled Ruckstall in the newspapers) received $1500 for second place. New to Tacoma, he was a teammate of Eddie Pullen and a driver of Californian George R. Bentel's Mercer cars. Mr. Ruckstell was also a mechanic and engineer, having earned his masters degree in automotive engineering from Princeton University. He also served as head of the famous Mercer racing team. He is also credited with developing the basic concept of a two speed rear axle into a popular product, the "Ruckstell Axle" marketed for Ford. The handcrafted Mercer was only manufactured for 15 years, but the Mercer Raceabout is considered the model sportscar of the era, the perfect blend of speed and finesse. The Mercer Auto Co. was incorporated in 1909, backed by the funds of millionaire businessmen Ferdinand Roebling and John Kruser. The automotive designs of Finley Robertson Porter and the business acumen of general manager and society playboy Washington Roebling II made the $1950 sports car the choice of wealthy sportsmen. The company reached its glory in 1914 and due to a series of bad turns was gone in a decade. The last Mercer was made in 1925. (T.Tribune 7/5/1914, pg. 1-results; www.chaffinsgarage.com; www.capitalcentury.com)

Tacoma Speedway (Lakewood); Racetracks--Lakewood--1910-1920; Automobile racing--Lakewood--1910-1920; Racing automobiles--1910-1920; Ruckstell, Grover; Mercer automobile; Automobile racing drivers;

A group picture of race car drivers and mechanics believed to be taken at the Tacoma Speedway during the Montamara Festo races July 2-4, 1914. The races consisted of a 100 mile Intercity race on July 2nd, the 200 mile Potlatch on July 3rd and the 250 mile Montamarathon on July 4th. 35,000 spectators packed into the Speedway on July 4th for the big race. Almost 5,000 more were turned away at the gates. The parking spaces were full and all trains and ferries from Seattle were travelling at capacity. Tacoma was the most desirable destination in the state for the 4th. A total of 14 cars started the race, with Earl Cooper in his Stutz finishing first with a winning time of 3:24:03 and an average speed of 74 mph. Ruckstell finished 2nd in his Mercer and Klein third in his King. The race was marred by an accident on the track. Bert Dingley was putting on a burst of speed, racing for 2nd, when his big green Ono plunged into a ditch at 110mph. Both Dingley and his mechanic Ed Swanson were thrown from the car. Swanson was not seriously injured, but Dingley faced a long recuperation in a Tacoma hospital. The other racers in the Montamarathon were Carlson in a Maxwell, Tetzlaff in a Maxwell, Smyley in a Hupmobile, Sorrel in a Fiat, Hughes in a Maxwell, Taylor in an Alco, Parsons (a Seattleite) in a Franz, Pullen in a Mercer, Brock in a Wright and Verbeck in a Fiat. (T. Times 7/5/1914, pg. 1)

Tacoma Speedway (Lakewood); Racetracks--Lakewood--1910-1920; Automobile racing--Lakewood--1910-1920; Daredevils; Automobile racing drivers;

Maxwell teammates Billy Carlson (car #25) and Hughies Hughes (#32) are side-by-side on the track of the Tacoma Speedway in July of 1914. Their cars had arrived in Tacoma directly from Indianapolis and the drivers themselves were in town two weeks prior to the July 3 & 4th holiday races. The Maxwells ran on kerosene and were expected to compete strongly in the races. Englishman Hughie Hughes would go on to win the 200-mile Golden Potlatch race on July 3rd with his black racecar averaging 74.28 mph. He picked up $1500 for his efforts. (TNT 6-21-14, p. 1-article; 2-B-brief biographies; TDL 7-4-14, p. 1-results) TPL-3165

Tacoma Speedway (Lakewood); Racetracks--Lakewood--1910-1920; Automobile racing--Lakewood--1910-1920; Racing automobiles--1910-1920; Maxwell automobile; Carlson, Billy; Hughes, Hughie;

1913 was the last year of the dirt track at the Tacoma Speedway. The following year would see the construction of a planked track utilizing 2 x 4 Washington fir. Three sanctioned events in July 1914 with a total prize money of $10,500 brought many local and nationally known speed kings to town including Californian Billy Carlson and his #25 car, a Maxwell, and "Terrible Teddy" Tetzlaff and his #3 Maxwell, replacing the older Fiat he had once driven to victory. Mr. Carlson's Maxwell came directly from the Indy 500 and ran on kerosene. Neither Mr. Carlson or Mr. Tetzlaff would enjoy winning success at the Tacoma Speedway in 1914. Billy Carlson died due to an accident at the Speedway the following year when his vehicle blew a tire, tossing him and his mechanic, Paul Franzer, into the air. Mr. Franzer died immediately but Mr. Carlson lingered until early the next day. TPL-1637

Carlson, Billy; Tetzlaff, Teddy; Tacoma Speedway (Lakewood); Racetracks--Lakewood--1910-1920; Automobile racing--Lakewood--1910-1920; Maxwell automobile;

Jim Parsons and his mechanic W. Ogden pose at the July 1914 races at the Tacoma Speedway in Parsons' race car #7, a Frantz. Parsons won the 100 mile Intercity race on July 3rd with a winning time of 1:21:29 with an average speed of 73.6 mph. He triumphed over a field of 12 cars from cities in Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Montana and British Columbia. Parsons was from Seattle. He returned on July 4th to place 4th in the 250 mile Montamarathon. TPL-1639, Speedway-066 (T. Tribune 7/3/1914, pg. 1)

Tacoma Speedway (Lakewood); Racetracks--Lakewood--1910-1920; Automobile racing--Lakewood--1910-1920; Parsons, Jim; Ogden, W.; Automobile racing drivers;

Grover Ruckstell and his mechanic Quicksell pose in Ruckstell's Mercer at the July 1914 races at the Tacoma Speedway. On July 4th, in front of a crowd of 35,000 screaming fans, Ruckstell would fight his way to a second place finish behind Earl Cooper in the Montamarathon. Ruckstell's time for the 250 mile race was 3:23:33. It was the largest crowd in Tacoma's racing history and they were not disappointed with the heavily fought race. Teddy Tetzloff was in the lead until he dropped out in lap 113 with wheel problems, and limped to the pits with his mechanic laying across the hood holding the wheel. Ruckstell fought Bert Dingley for second place until Dingley spun off the course in lap 123, sustaining life threatening injuries. The crowd was in a frenzy as Ruckstell passed the checkered flag. TPL-103 Speedway-067 (T. Tribune 7/5/1914, pg. 1)

Tacoma Speedway (Lakewood); Racetracks--Lakewood--1910-1920; Automobile racing--Lakewood--1910-1920; Racing automobiles--1910-1920; Ruckstell, Grover; Mercer automobile; Automobile racing drivers;

The Mountaineers Summer Outing, July 20, 1912-August 10, 1913 Scrapbook, pg. 80. From captions, clockwise: Mountaineers in Glacier National Park. August 1-23, 1914. Mt. Henry, Lake St. Mary.

In September of 1914, racing fever over miniature racers and their junior drivers took Tacoma by storm. The "cycle cars" were in town for Labor Day races scheduled at the Tacoma Speedway. Most of the cars and drivers were from California, although Tacoma boys Joe Rovegno, Clarence Healy, Phil "Babe" Sullivan and "Swift" were scheduled to race. All the boys were feted by Tacomans and felt that the city "sure did treat a fellow fine." Six of the cars and drivers are pictured on A Street. At the left rear is the Park Hotel, at 802 A St. The building at the front left may be the J.F. Hickey Motor Car Co., at 812-14 A St., and a Seattle-Tacoma interurban car provides the background. In the front row are: (l to r) veteran junior driver Mott Haynes in his Mercer and novice driver Walter Gossman in his Red Devil. In the center are Homer Loudenclos, in either the Peugeot or the Hudson he designed, and Al Bruce in his National. In the rear are an unidentified car and Shirley Williams in a Theim. The cars were designed and built, in most cases, by the drivers themselves. They were in some cases backed by the motor companies whose names they carried. It was common for companies to bankroll race cars as advertising.

Tacoma Speedway (Lakewood); Racetracks--Lakewood--1910-1920; Automobile racing--Lakewood--1910-1920; Racing automobiles--1910-1920; Haynes, Mott; Gossman, Walter; Loudenclos, Homer; Bruce, Al;

In September of 1914, nine "Kid drivers" lined up two abreast at the starting line of the Tacoma Speedway in their smaller, less powerful "Baby racers." The cars were built with motorcycle engines and were sometimes called "cycle cars." The planned race, the first of its kind to be held north of Los Angeles, was originally scheduled for September 8th. However, a torrent of rain interrupted what had been a string of dry days and drenched the dirt track, causing the race to be rescheduled for the following Sunday at 1 p.m. However, true to form, the Northwest weather produced a light but continuous rain on the 13th that fell nearly all day long and covered the track with water. The race was cancelled indefinitely and the drivers returned to the more predictable Southern California weather. (Tacoma Tribune 9/14/1914, pg. 8, 9/13/1914, pg. 2-B)

Tacoma Speedway (Lakewood); Racetracks--Lakewood--1910-1920; Automobile racing--Lakewood--1910-1920;

Tacoma was known as the Indianapolis of the West when cars roared on the Tacoma Speedway. The race track, located near the site of today's Clover Park Technical College, was in operation from 1912 to 1922. In September of 1914, Tacoma was abuzz with the arrival of the junior racers and their "baby" race cars. The cars, also known as cycle cars, ran on motorcycle engines and could race at 35-50 mph. The junior races were originally scheduled for Labor Day but were postponed because the track on the back stretch was too muddy and dangerous for speed. A practice start was scheduled after the postponement to reacquaint the boys with the method of starting. A true race soon developed as the competitive boys picked up speed trying to best one another. The Seattle Bug, piloted by a boy named "Meagher" and his mechanic, took the curves too fast in the first lap and slid in the mud, crushing the two rear wheels. The two seem at a loss as where to go from here. Tacoma Speedway-064, TPL-6337; TPL-8543 (T. Tribune 9/9/1914, pg. 6)

Tacoma Speedway (Lakewood); Racetracks--Lakewood--1910-1920; Automobile racing--Lakewood--1910-1920; Racing automobiles--1910-1920;

The Tacoma Speedway had a special treat in store for its fans on Labor Day 1914, the first "cycle car" race to be held north of California. Cycle cars were built with motorcycle engines and were designed, for the most part, by their junior drivers. Three races would be held, a ten mile dash, a ten mile free for all (featuring the losers in the first race) and a 40 mile free for all, with a top prize of $250. Pictured in a horseshoe are, left to right, an unidentified car, the Mabel Normand's Keystone Theim driven by Shirley Williams, the Red Devil driven by Walter Gossman, the Pantages Bug driven by a Tacoma boy identified only as "Swift," unidentified car #3, unidentified, unidentified, Allan Bruce and his National, Harry Hartz and his #22 Indian and a "baby" Hudson partially built by Homer Loudenclos in Tacoma with Clarence Healy scheduled as pilot. Although the weather stayed dry for the trials, rain made the track unsafe on race day. The races were rescheduled and again rained out. Discouraged, the drivers returned to sunny California.

Tacoma Speedway (Lakewood); Racetracks--Lakewood--1910-1920; Automobile racing--Lakewood--1910-1920; Racing automobiles--1910-1920; Gossman, Walter; Bruce, Al; Hartz, Harry;

Ray Ritters of Los Angeles poses in his cycle car, #2, a Velie, at the Tacoma Speedway. The Velie autos and trucks were manufactured by Velie Motors Corp. of Moline, Ill., from 1902-1928. In September of 1914, the small race cars and their junior drivers took Tacoma by storm. Each day the newspapers were filled with stories about the boys who, for the most part, designed and built, as well as raced, their own cars. The cars were usually powered by motorcycle engines and could travel at 35-50 mph. Ritters had raced many times in the South, but had never finished in the money. He arrived early in Tacoma and rebuilt his car here, making many changes, including mounting the engine on the side. He never got to show off his improved vehicle in Tacoma, both the Labor Day race and the rescheduled race were called due to rain. (T. Tribune 9/13/1914, pg. 2B, plus preceding dates in Sept. 1914)

Tacoma Speedway (Lakewood); Racetracks--Lakewood--1910-1920; Automobile racing--Lakewood--1910-1920; Ritters, Ray; Racing automobiles--1910-1920;

Walter Gossman of Los Angeles poses in his cycle car, the Red Devil, at the Tacoma Speedway. Cycle racers, primarily from California, were in Tacoma in September of 1914 for the first "junior race" to be held north of California. Gossman was participating in his first race ever. He had designed and built the unique looking Devil. Outside of practices and speed trials, Tacomans were never able to see it race. The actual races were rained out. Speedway-061 (Tacoma Tribune 9/13/1914, pg 2B)

Tacoma Speedway (Lakewood); Racetracks--Lakewood--1910-1920; Automobile racing--Lakewood--1910-1920; Racing automobiles--1910-1920; Gossman, Walter;

This unidentified driver is believed to be piloting a "cycle carriage" or car during speed trials at the Tacoma Speedway in September of 1914. There were 14 entries, mostly from Southern California and including future star Harry Hartz, for the Labor Day races. Four of the junior drivers were from Tacoma. Vehicles had to reach a speed of 40 mph to qualify. These cars had for the most part motorcycle engines and were smaller than regular race cars. Although days preceding the event were dry, the Labor Day race was cancelled due to rain and a rescheduled race the following week was also postponed indefinitely due to inclement weather. (TNT 9-6-14, 2-b-article)

Tacoma Speedway (Lakewood); Racetracks--Lakewood--1910-1920; Automobile racing--Lakewood--1910-1920; Racing automobiles--1910-1920; Grandstands--Lakewood;